Table 2.

In vivo effects of fumonisin B₁ on different fish species. Effects were dose-dependent.

Fish	Species	Dose (mg/kg)	Exposure Time	Effects	Ref.
Fry of channel catfish	Ictalurus punctus	20–40	10 weeks	Reduced weight gain and feed intake. Increase in feed conversion ratio. Reduction in hematocrit. Increased ratio of free sphinganine/free sphingosine in liver.	[98]
Channel catfish	Ictalurus punctus	0.3–720	10–14 weeks	Reduction in weight gain and feed intake. Lower hematocrit and red cell counts. Pale liver and kidneys. Liver lesions—white foci of subcapsular adipocyte hyperplasia, foci of swollen and shrunken hepatocytes and of hepatocellular necrosis. Yellow-white ventral portion of the liver. Higher mortality due to Cytophaga columnaris infection.	[97]
Channel catfish	Ictalurus punctus	35–313	5 weeks	No general negative health effects were noted. Mild enteritis.	[99]
Nile tilapia fingerlings	Oreochromis niloticus	10–150	8 weeks	Reduction in weight gain. Higher feed conversion rates. Lower hematocrit. Increase ratio between free sphinganine/free sphingosine.	[100]
Year-1 common carp	Cyprinus carpio	10 and 100	42 days	Reduction in body weight. Lesions in the liver, pancreas, kidney, heart, gallbladder and brain and damages in the blood vessels. Erythrodematitis lesions.	[101]