Table 1.
Characteristics of Patients With COVID-19 or H1N1
| Characteristic | Total (N = 148) | COVID-19 (n = 73) | H1N1 (n = 75) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 62 (47, 69) | 67 (57, 72) | 52 (41, 64) | < .001 |
| Male sex | 105 (70.9) | 45 (61.6) | 60 (80.0) | .011 |
| Onset to ARDS, d | 8 (6, 11) | 8 (6, 10) | 8 (6, 12) | .755 |
| Onset to confirm diagnosis, d | 10 (7, 14) | 11 (8, 14) | 9 (7, 13) | .079 |
| CURB-65 score | 1 (1, 2) | 1 (1, 2) | 1 (1, 2) | .255 |
| SOFA score | 4 (2, 6) | 2 (2, 4) | 5 (4, 8) | < .001 |
| APACHE II score | 12 (8, 15) | 11 (8, 13) | 14 (9, 19) | .019 |
| Highest temperature, °C | 38.5 (36.8, 39.3) | 36.8 (36.5, 38.2) | 39 (38.7, 39.8) | < .001 |
| Systolic BP, mm Hg | 127 (110, 140) | 123 (118, 128) | 128 (108, 143) | .626 |
| Diastolic BP, mm Hg | 70 (62, 82) | 76 (70, 84) | 70 (60, 82) | .554 |
| Respiratory rate, breaths/min | 22 (20, 31) | 21 (20, 30) | 26 (21, 33) | .021 |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 90 (80, 104) | 86 (78, 101) | 96 (81, 112) | .006 |
| Underlying diseases | ||||
| Smoke | 43 (29.3) | 8 (11.0) | 35 (47.3) | < .001 |
| Hypertension | 70 (47.3) | 38 (52.1) | 32 (42.7) | .323 |
| Diabetes | 35 (23.6) | 20 (27.4) | 15 (20.0) | .336 |
| Cardiovascular disease | 31 (20.9) | 23 (31.5) | 8 (10.7) | .002 |
| Chronic kidney failure | 9 (6.1) | 3 (4.1) | 6 (8.0) | .494 |
| Chronic respiratory disease | 2 (1.4) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.3) | .745 |
| Complications | ||||
| Leukocytopenia | 125 (84.5) | 60 (82.2) | 65 (86.7) | .502 |
| Septic shock | 33 (22.3) | 23 (31.5) | 10 (13.3) | .010 |
| Acute kidney injury | 21 (14.2) | 13 (17.8) | 8 (10.7) | .245 |
| Liver disfunction | 67 (45.3) | 33 (45.2) | 34 (45.3) | .999 |
Data are presented as medians (interquartile ranges) or No. (%). APACHE = Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation; COVID-19 = coronavirus disease 2019; CURB-65 = confusion, urea nitrogen, respiratory rate, blood pressure, 65 years of age and older; H1N1 = influenza A (H1N1); SOFA = Sequential Organ Failure Assessment.