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Mitochondrial ecDNA (mtDNA) measured in plasma of mice with acute kidney injury (AKI). (a) Bilateral ureteral obstruction. (b) Glycerol-induced AKI. (c) Ischemia–reperfusion injury. (d) Bilateral nephrectomy. Data are presented as mean + SD. BUO—bilateral ureteral ligation, GLY—glycerol-induced AKI, UNx—unilateral nephrectomy, IRI—ischemia–reperfusion injury, BNx—bilateral nephrectomy.
