Table 1.
Summary of studies examining effect of MBTs on body.
| Study | Sample Size & Treatment Groups | Intervention | Targeted Output | Outcome Measurements | Findings |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cramer et al. 2014 | n = 3168 from 44 RCTs | Meta-analysis of yoga RCT | Cardiac function, lipid profiles | Diastolic and systolic blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, waist and hip circumference, waist/hip ratio, lipid profile and HbA1c | Clinically important effect of yoga on cardiovascular diseases and associated risk factors |
| Innes and Vincent 2007 | 15 uncontrolled trials, 6 NRCTs and 4 RCTs | Systematic review on yoga | Type 2 Diabetes mellitus (T2DM) | Glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, lipid profiles, anthropometric characteristics, blood pressure, oxidative stress, coagulation profiles, sympathetic activation, and pulmonary function | Yoga is Beneficial for improving indices of risk in adults with T2DM and in preventing and managing cardiovascular complications |
| Newberg et al. 2010 | 14 subjects with memory problems | 8-week meditation program | Memory and Cerebral blood flow (CBF) | SPECT scan andNeuropsychological assessment of verbal fluency, trails B and logical memory | Meditation leads to significant increase in baseline CBF ratios in the prefrontal, superior frontal and superior parietal cortices |
| Froeliger et al. 2012 | n = 14; 7 Hatha yoga meditation practitioners and 7 matched control group | Hatha yoga meditation | Voxel-based morphometry (VBM), Cognitive Function, Anxiety, Stress and anger | Cognitive failures questionnaire (CFQ), Beck Anxiety Inventory, 20-item positive and negative affect schedule (PANAS) | Positive correlation of greater gray matter volume with hatha yoga meditation and significant improvement in cognitive failures task |
| Hernández et al. 2016 | n = 23 Sahaja yoga Meditators; n = 23 age, sex education matched non-meditators | Long-Term Sahaja yoga meditation | Grey matter volume | Structural magnetic resonance imaging | Sahaja yoga leads to overall larger grey matter volume and regional enlargement in several right hemispheric cortical and subcortical brain regions |
| Neuendorf et al. 2015 | 13/23 studies using meditation, 21/30 using movement MBIs, and 14/25 using relaxation | Review of mind-body interventions (MBIs) on sleep | Sleep outcome measure | Subjective and objective sleep outcomes, sleep quality, sleep duration, and sleep latency. | MBIs as a treatment for sleep disorders |
| Pomidori et al. 2009 | n = 11, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients. | Yoga with deep and slow breathing | Ventilatory pattern and oxygen saturation (SaO2% | SaO2% and respiratory parameters including tidal volume, VE, respiratory rate, inspiratory time, total breath time and fractional inspiratory time | Yoga leads to significant improvement in SaO2% and induction of favorable respiratory changes in COPD patients. |