Table 1.
Patient baseline characteristics according to sex (n = 55).
| Variables | Entire | Men | Women | p–value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n = 55 | n = 25 | n = 30 | ||
| Clinical Findings | ||||
| Age (years, median (Q1, Q3)) | 49 [40, 59] | 49 [41, 54.5] | 47.5 [37.5, 64] | 0.7543 |
| Sex (Men; %) | 25 (45.5) | 25 (100) | 0 (0) | < 0.0001 |
| SBP (mmHg, median (Q1, Q3)) | 127.3 [120.5, 135.4] | 128.8 [122.1, 136.6] | 126 [118.9, 135.1] | 0.3252 |
| DBP (mmHg, median (Q1, Q3)) | 80.3 [74.8, 87.3] | 84.7 [75.3, 88.7] | 77.2 [71.6, 86.8] | 0.1409 |
| MBP (mmHg, median (Q1, Q3)) | 95.6 [90.3, 102.8] | 98.2 [91.6, 103.1] | 93.1 [79.3, 102.3] | 0.1317 |
| PP (mmHg, median (Q1, Q3)) | 48 [41.3, 53.2] | 50.7 [39.3, 53] | 47.3 [43.1, 54] | 0.7876 |
| BMI (kg/m2, median (Q1, Q3)) | 22.1 [20.5, 23.4] | 23 [21.9, 24.6] | 21.1 [19.7, 22.9] | 0.0053 |
| Mutation Type | ||||
| PKD1 (%) | 40 (72.7) | 19 (82.6) | 21 (72.4) | 0.5132 |
| PKD2 (%) | 12 (21.8) | 4 (17.4) | 8 (27.6) | |
| Laboratory Findings | ||||
| Hemoglobin (g/dL, median [Q1, Q3]) | 12.6 [11.3, 13.6] | 13 [11.4, 14.3] | 12.5 [11.2, 13.4] | 0.1110 |
| Total Protein (g/dL, median [Q1, Q3]) | 7 [6.8, 7.4] | 7.1 [6.8, 7.3] | 7 [6.8, 7.4] | 0.6633 |
| Serum Albumin (g/dL, median [Q1, Q3]) | 4.2 [4.1, 4.5] | 4.2 [4.1, 4.6] | 4.2 [4, 4.4] | 0.2262 |
| Blood Urea Nitrogen (mg/dL, median [Q1, Q3]) | 22.4 [16.5, 32.6] | 23.4 [19.1, 40.8] | 19.8 [15.8, 29.6] | 0.1556 |
| Serum Creatinine (mg/dL, median [Q1, Q3]) | 1.48 [0.88, 2.7] | 1.8 [1.31, 3.99] | 1.01 [0.70, 2.34] | 0.0035 |
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2, median [Q1, Q3]) | 39.5 [17.6, 65.7] | 35.6 [14.1, 47.4] | 46.6 [18.7, 77.4] | 0.0745 |
| Uric Acid (mg/dL, median [Q1, Q3]) | 6.3 [5.1, 7.2] | 7.1 [6, 7.8] | 5.4 [4.2, 6.6] | 0.0004 |
| Triglyceride (mg/dL, median [Q1, Q3]) | 109 [74, 167] | 137.5 [97.3, 182.5] | 79 [59, 135.5] | 0.0044 |
| LDL Cholesterol (mg/dL, median [Q1, Q3]) | 104.6 [82.8, 116.9] | 108 [85, 126.8] | 100.8 [74.8, 115.9] | 0.7042 |
| HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL, median [Q1, Q3]) | 59 [44, 81.5] | 45.2 [36.5, 57] | 71 [57.5, 93.5] | 0.0049 |
| AST (IU/L, median [Q1, Q3]) | 18.5 [15.8, 21] | 17 [15, 19] | 19.5 [16.8, 21.3] | 0.0963 |
| ALT (IU/L, median [Q1, Q3]) | 15 [13, 19.8] | 15.5 [12.5, 20.3] | 14.5 [12.8, 18.5] | 0.6474 |
| ALP (IU/L, median [Q1, Q3]) | 218 [148, 265.5] | 220 [211.5, 294.5] | 191 [133.3, 266.8] | 0.4555 |
| GGT (IU/L, median [Q1, Q3]) | 32 [21.5, 52] | 36 [26.5, 62] | 24 [17.3, 45.3] | 0.1602 |
| Sodium (mEq/L, median [Q1, Q3]) | 141.5 [140, 143] | 141 [140, 143] | 142 [138.8, 143] | 0.5323 |
| Potassium (mEq/L, median [Q1, Q3]) | 4.3 [4, 4.7] | 4.4 [4.1, 4.7] | 4.2 [4, 4.8] | 0.4111 |
| Phosphorus (mg/dL, median [Q1, Q3]) | 3.4 [3.1, 3.9] | 3.1 [2.8, 4] | 3.5 [3.3, 3.9] | 0.0903 |
| Calcium (mg/dL, median [Q1, Q3]) | 9.1 [8.8, 9.3] | 9 [8.7, 9.5] | 9.2 [8.9, 9.3] | 0.5678 |
| Intact PTH (pg/mL, median [Q1, Q3]) | 195 [140, 244] | 171 [135, 244] | 211 [143.3, 323.8] | 0.7133 |
| Bicarbonate (mEq/L, median [Q1, Q3]) | 19.6 [18, 23.9] | 19.5 [18.3, 24.0] | 20.6 [16.5, 24.9] | 0.9431 |
| U-Prot (g/gCre, median [Q1, Q3]) | 0.33 [0.15, 0.57] | 0.33 [0.19, 0.56] | 0.34 [0.12, 0.63] | 0.8601 |
| HbA1c (%, median [Q1, Q3]) | 5.5 [5.2, 5.9] | 5.7 [5.4, 6.0] | 5.3 [4.8, 5.8] | 0.1244 |
| Concomitant drugs | ||||
| Antihypertensive Agents (%) | 36 (65.5) | 23 (92) | 13 (43.3) | 0.0002 |
| ARB and or ACEI (%) | 26(47.3) | 16 (64) | 10 (33.3) | 0.0223 |
| Calcium Channel Blockade (%) | 19 (34.5) | 12 (48) | 7 (23.3) | 0.0872 |
| Others (%) | 11 (20) | 8 (32) | 3 (10) | 0.0876 |
| Antihyperuricemic Agents (%) | 15 (27.3) | 14 (56) | 1 (3.3) | <0.0001 |
| Antidyslipidemic Agents (%) | 4 (7.3) | 3 (12) | 1 (3.3) | 0.3198 |
| Statin (%) | 3 (5.5) | 2 (8) | 1 (3.3) | 0.5855 |
| Others (%) | 1 (1.8) | 1 (4) | 0 (0) | 0.4545 |
| Diuretics (%) | 7 (12.7) | 2 (8) | 5 (16.7) | 0.4363 |
| Antiplatelets (%) | 2(3.6) | 0 | 2 (6.7) | 0.4949 |
| EPA or DHA (%) | 3 (5.5) | 2 (8) | 1 (3.3) | 0.5855 |
| ESAs (%) | 4 (7.3) | 2 (8) | 2 (6.7) | 1.0000 |
| Irons (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 |
| Tolvaptan (%) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 |
| Comorbidities | ||||
| Hypertension (%) | 39 (70.9) | 23 (100) | 16 (53.3) | < 0.0001 |
| Hyperuricemia (%) | 27 (49) | 21 (84) | 6 (20) | < 0.0001 |
| Dyslipidemia (%) | 22 (40) | 13 (52) | 9 (30) | 0.0973 |
| Diabetes (%) | 2 (3.6) | 2 (8) | 0 | 0.2020 |
Continuous values were expressed as a median (Q1; Q3). Count data were expressed as n (%). Calcium was expressed as total Calcium concentration (tCa) using Payne’s formula: corrected Ca= tCa + (4-Albumin). Abbreviation: n, number; %, percentages; Q1, quartile 1; Q3, quartile 3; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; MBP, mean blood pressure; PP, pulse pressure; BMI, body mass index; PKD, polycystic kidney disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; LDL, low-density lipoprotein; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; ALP, alkaline phosphatase; GGT, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase; PTH, parathyroid hormone; U-Prot, Urinary protein excretion; HbA1c, Hemoglobin A1c; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; ACEI, angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; EPA, eicosapentaenoic acid; DHA, docosahexaenoic acid; ESA, erythropoiesis-stimulating agent.