TABLE 14-2.
Examples of Recent Outbreaks, Pathogen Discoveries, and Other Notable Infectious Disease Events
| YEAR | EVENT |
|---|---|
| 2000 | Outbreak of Rift Valley fever in Saudi Arabia and Yemen, representing the first reported cases of the disease outside the African continent |
| 2003 | Global outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) caused by a previously unknown coronavirus associated with Chinese horseshoe bats |
| 2003 | Cases of monkeypox in the United States linked to exotic pets imported from Central Africa |
| 2003 | Reemergence of avian influenza A (H5N1) in Southeast Asia and subsequent outbreaks in Africa |
| 2005 | Marburg hemorrhagic fever outbreak in Angola |
| 2005-2006 | Large outbreak of chikungunya in the Indian Ocean islands of Réunion and Mauritius |
| 2006 | Rift Valley fever outbreak in Kenya |
| 2007 | Ebola hemorrhagic fever outbreak in the Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| 2007 | Outbreak of Nipah virus encephalitis in Bangladesh |
| 2007 | First detection in Italy of mosquito-borne transmission of chikungunya fever, previously detected only in parts of Africa and South and Southeast Asia |
| 2007 | Hemorrhagic fever outbreak in Uganda caused by a new stain of Ebola: Bundibugyo Ebola virus |
| 2007 | Outbreak of Marburg hemorrhagic fever in Uganda |
| 2008 | Ebola-Reston virus detected in pigs in the Philippines |
| 2008 | Ebola-like outbreak in Zambia due to a previously unknown virus: Lujo hemorrhagic fever virus, an arenavirus related to Lassa fever virus, which is associated with rodents |
| 2009 | Outbreak of severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in China caused by a novel phlebovirus (the SFTS virus) |
| 2009 | Discovery of two novel tick-borne pathogens in the United States: the Heartland phlebovirus in Missouri and a pathogenic Ehrlichia species in Wisconsin and Minnesota |
| 2009-2010 | Influenza pandemic caused by a new influenza strain, influenza A(H1N1) |
| 2009-2010 | Locally transmitted dengue in Florida, representing the first cases acquired in the continental United States outside the Texas-Mexico border since 1945 |
| 2012 | Ebola hemorrhagic fever outbreaks in Uganda and the Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| 2012 | Outbreak of Marburg hemorrhagic fever in Uganda |
| 2011-2012 | Influenza cases in the United States traced to a variant swine influenza A(H3N2) virus carried by pigs exhibited at agricultural fairs |
| 2012 | Outbreak of hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in Yosemite National Park, California |
| 2012 | A novel rhabdovirus (Bas-Congo virus) identified by whole-genome sequencing as the cause of an outbreak of acute hemorrhagic fever in the Democratic Republic of the Congo |
| 2012-2013 | Outbreak of severe respiratory disease in the Middle East caused by a novel coronavirus (MERS-CoV) that belongs to the same viral family as the SARS coronavirus |
| 2012-2013 | Influenza cases in China traced to avian influenza A(H7N9) virus in poultry |