TABLE 77.2.
Select Chemical Restraint Agents Used in African Wild Dogs (Lycaon pictus)
| Drug Combination (mg/kg) IM | Reversal Agent (mg/kg) IM | Comments |
|---|---|---|
| Medetomidine (0.025–0.04) Ketamine (2.5–3) ± Midazolam (0.1–0.15) ± Butorphanol (0.1–0.2) |
Atipamezole (0.14–0.24) ± Flumazenil (0.01–0.05) ± Naloxone (0.02) |
Excellent muscle relaxation, quick recovery |
| Medetomidine (0.03) Midazolam (0.3), Butorphanol (0.3) |
Completely reversible | |
| Dexmedetomidine (0.025), Ketamine (3), Midazolam (0.15) | Atipamezole, flumazenil | Generally larger dart volume |
| Ketamine (2–4), Midazolam (0.15–0.3), Butorphanol (0.3–0.4), ± Supplemental Propofol (0.4–0.5 IV) or Gas anesthesia |
Flumazenil, naloxone | Suggested alternative for cardiac cases |
| Tiletamine-Zolazepam (Telazol) (2–5) |
Reliable plane of anesthesia, prolonged recoveries | |
IM, Intramuscular; IV, intravenous.