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. 2009 May 15:291–409. doi: 10.1016/B978-0-323-02998-8.50024-X
Ginkgo 30% (antioxidant, circulatory stimulant, cognition enhancer, neurorestorative)
Lesser periwinkle (Vinca minor) 20% (circulatory stimulant [cerebral blood flow], increases cerebral oxygen uptake and glucose absorption, sedative, hemostatic)
Bacopa 20% (nervine tonic, spasmolytic, mild sedative, mental tonic, cognitive enhancer)
Withania 30% (tonic, adaptogen, nervine, sedative, anxiolytic, anti-inflammatory, antitumor)