TABLE 46-6.

Suggested Vaccine Protocols for Nondomestic Canids

Disease	Vaccine Type	Frequency	Notes
Canine distemper virus (CDV)	All canids: Recombinant canary pox vectored vaccinea	Begin at 6–9 weeks, booster every 2–3 weeks until 16–20 weeks, then yearly or check titers (Rodden AZA)	Recombinant canary pox vectored vaccinea is safe, cannot induce CDV disease, and is recommended for all susceptible exotic carnivoresa
	Modified live vaccines recommended for Mexican gray wolves (Canis lupus baileyi)b and red wolves (C. rufus)c
Rabies	All canids: Killed virus vaccined, e	Administer at 16 weeks, booster at 1 year of age, then annuallyd or every third year,e depending on product used	A recombinant canary-pox vectored vaccinef is available and may be used at veterinarian's discretion, especially for small canids, then booster yearly
Parvovirus	Killed vaccine safest	Begin at 6–9 weeks, booster every 2–3 weeks until 16–20 weeks, then yearly or check titers	Concerns with vaccine-induced disease in canids when using modified-live products, and strategy used for maned wolves may be appropriate for other species
	Modified live vaccine used in red wolves,g gray wolves,c and adult maned wolves
	Maned wolves should be vaccinated with a killed vaccine producth until protective titers (>80) are present, then boostered with a modified live vaccine to avoid vaccine-associated disease

Products available in the United States:

^aMerial, PUREVAX: ferret distemper vaccine.

^bSchering-Plough Galaxy D: modified live distemper vaccine.

^cPfizer Animal Health Vanguard 5: modified live modified live distemper, canine adenovirus type 1 and 2, parainfluenza and parvovirus vaccine.

^dMerial IMRAB 1: rabies vaccine

^eMerial IMRAB 3: rabies vaccine

^fMerial PUREVAX: feline rabies vaccine

^gMerial RECOMBITEK: modified live canine parvovirus vaccine.

^hFort Dodge FeloVax PCT: killed feline panleukopenia vaccine, includes feline rhinotracheitis and feline calicivirus.