TABLE 17.2.

Differential Diagnosis of Acute Malaria

Undifferentiated Fever	Fever and GI Symptoms	Fever and Jaundice	Fever +/− Arthritis and Rash	Fever and Respiratory Symptoms	Fever and CNS Symptoms	Fever and Abnormal Bleeding
Dengue	Gastroenteritis	Viral hepatitis	Dengue	MERS-CoV	Meningitis	Ebola fever
Zika virus	Infective diarrhea	Yellow fever	Zika virus	Avian influenza	Encephalitis	CCHF
West Nile	Bacterial liver abscess	Relapsing fever	Chikungunya	Seasonal influenza	Rabies	Lassa fever
Chikungunya	Amoebic liver abscess	Leptospirosis	Ross River virus	Atypical pneumonia		Marburg fever
Ross River virus	Pelvic abscess	Q fever	O'nyong'nyong	Q fever
Acute HIV seroconversion	Appendicitis	Rickettsial disease		Acute schistosomiasis
Relapsing fever	Diverticulitis	Typhoid/paratyphoid fever	Katayama fever	Acute histoplasmosis
Leptospirosis		Bacteremia
Rickettsial disease		Pneumococcal pneumonia
Typhoid/paratyphoid fever		Ascending cholangitis
Melioidosis		Bacterial liver abscess
Brucellosis		Amoebic liver abscess
African trypanosomasis
Babesiosis
Acute schistosomiasis

CCHF, Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever; CNS, central nervous system; GI, gastrointestinal; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; MERS-CoV, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus.