Figure 57-26.

Schematic of the two phases involved in postoperative ileus. The first phase starts during abdominal surgery and ends soon after it. The second inflammatory phase starts approximately 3 to 4 hours after surgery, lasts much longer, and is therefore clinically more relevant.

Rights were not granted to include this figure in electronic media. Please refer to the printed book.

(Reproduced with permission from Boeckxstaens GE, de Jonge WJ: Neuroimmune mechanisms in postoperative ileus. Gut 58:1300, 2009.)

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