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(A) Total internal reflection of light at the interface of two media having different RI such as n1 and n2. At an angle greater than critical angle (θc), the incident light will be reflected totally. (B) Schematic diagram of amplitude of electric filed (E) for core and cladding interface. The E of the evanescent wave decreases exponently with a penetration depth of (dp) in the lower index medium side.
