TABLE 88-1.

Viral Causes of Myocarditis, Fulminant Hepatitis, Pneumonia, Meningitis, Encephalitis, and Myelitis

	Myocarditis	Hepatitis	Pneumonia	Meningitis	Encephalitis	Myelitis
Adenovirus	XXX	X	XX	X	X	X
Arboviruses (arthropod-borne viruses):				XX	XX
•Western equine encephalitis virus				X	X
•Eastern equine encephalitis virus					X
•St Louis encephalitis virus				X	X
•California encephalitis virus (La Crosse)				X	X
•Colorado tick fever				X	X
•West Nile encephalitis virus					X
Enteroviruses	XXX	X	X	XXX	XX	XX
Hantavirus			X
Hepatitis A		XXX				X
Hepatitis B		XXX
Hepatitis C		X
Hepatitis D		X
Hepatitis E		X
Hepatitis G		X
Herpesviruses:	X	X
•HSV 1 and 2				XX	XX	X
•VZV			XX*	X	X	X
•EBV				X	X	XX
•CMV	X	X	XXX*		X	XX
•HHV-6		X			X
HIV	X				X
HTLV					X
Influenza A	X		XXX		X	X
Influenza B			X
JC virus					X*
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus				X	X	X
Mumps	X			X	X	X
Measles	X			X	X	X
Parainfluenza virus types 1, 2, 3			XXX
Rabies					X
Respiratory syncytial virus	X		XXX
Rhinovirus			X
Rubella					X	X

XXX = most frequent, XX = frequent, and X = less common or rare.

CMV, cytomegalovirus; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; HHV-6, human herpes virus 6; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; HSV, herpes simplex virus; HTLV, human T-lymphotropic virus; VZV, varicella-zoster virus.

^*Primarily in immunocompromised hosts.