Table 1.

List of fruit size regulators in plants

Pathways	Gene name	Species	Accession number	Biological function	Reference(s)
Gibberellin (GA)	GA3ox1	Arabidopsis	AT1G15550	GA biosynthetic process	Hu et al. (2003)
	GA3ox4	Arabidopsis	AT1G80330	GA biosynthetic process	Hu et al. (2003)
	GID1A	Arabidopsis	AT3G05120	Cellular response to hypoxia	Griffiths et al. (2006)
	GID1B	Arabidopsis	AT3G63010	Catabolic process	Griffiths et al. (2006)
	GID1C	Arabidopsis	AT5G27320	Catabolic process	Griffiths et al. (2006)
	GA20ox2	Arabidopsis	AT5G51810	Oxidation–reduction process	Plackett et al. (2012)
	GAI	Arabidopsis	AT1G14920	Gibberellic acid homeostasis	Peng et al. (1997)
	RGA	Arabidopsis	AT2G01570	Multicellular organism development	Silverstone et al. (2016)
	RGL1	Arabidopsis	AT1G66350	DELLA proteins response to GA	Wen and Chang, (2002)
	RGL2	Arabidopsis	AT3G03450	Defence response	Lee et al. (2006)
	RGL3	Arabidopsis	AT5G17490	Multicellular organism development	Fuentes et al. (2012)
Auxin (IAA)	PTRE1	Arabidopsis	AT3G53970	Regulates auxin signalling	Yang et al. (2011)
	MOB1A	Arabidopsis	AT5G45550	Promotes auxin signalling	Cui et al. (2016)
	GmYUCCA5	Arabidopsis, soybean	AT5G43890	Auxin biosynthetic process	Wang et al. (2017c)
	BnaA9. ARF18	Rapeseed	BnaA09g55580D	Auxin response factor	Liu et al. (2008a)
	BrARP1	Brassica rapa	AT1G43170	Auxin‐repressed protein 1	Lee et al. (2016)
	BrDRM1	Brassica rapa	Bra032894	Dormancy‐associated protein 1	Lee et al. (2016)
	OSR1	Arabidopsis	AT2G41230	Organ growth and overall organ size	Feng et al., (2011)
	ARGOS	Arabidopsis	AT3G59900	Response to auxin	Hu et al. (2003)
Cytokinin (CK)	AHP5	Arabidopsis	AT1G03430	Signal transduction	Hutchison et al. (2006)
	AHP4	Arabidopsis	AT3G16360	Signal transduction	Hutchison et al. (2006)
	AHP1	Arabidopsis	AT3G21510	Signal transduction	Hutchison et al. (2006)
	AHP2	Arabidopsis	AT3G29350	Signal transduction	Hutchison et al. (2006)
	AHP3	Arabidopsis	AT5G39340	Signal transduction	Hutchison et al. (2006)
	CKX3	Arabidopsis	AT5G56970	Cytokinin catabolic process	Bartrina et al., 2011
	CKX5	Arabidopsis	AT1G75450	Cytokinin catabolic process	Bartrina et al., 2011
Brassinosteroid (BR)	BRI1	Arabidopsis	AT4G39400	Brassinosteroid receptor	Noguchi et al. (1999)
	DWF4	Arabidopsis	AT3G50660	Brassinosteroid biosynthesis	Si et al. (1998)
	SMT2	Arabidopsis	AT1G20330	Brassinosteroid biosynthesis	Hwang et al. (2007)
	CYP72C1	Arabidopsis	AT1G17060	Brassinosteroid metabolic process	Takahashi et al. (2005)
	BjHMGS1	Brassica juncea	AT4G11820	Sterols biosynthetic process	Liao et al. (2014)
Abscisic acid (ABA)	CSP2	Arabidopsis	AT4G38680	Regulation of cellular respiration	Nakaminami et al. (2006), Sasaki et al. (2013)
	GRDP1	Arabidopsis	AT2G22660	Response to osmotic stress	Rodríguez‐Hernández et al. (2017)
	SAT32	Arabidopsis	AT1G27760	Salt and ABA‐responsive	Park et al. (2009)
Ethylene (ETH)	EER5	Arabidopsis	AT2G19560	Ethylene‐signalling	http://www.arabidopsis.org
	–	Arabidopsis	AT1G48420	1‐aminocyclopropane‐1‐carboxylic acid oxidase	Walton et al. (2012)
Phytohormone	CYP78A9	Arabidopsis/ Rapeseed	AT3G61880	Fruit and seed development	Ito and Meyerowitz (2000); Shi et al. (2019)
Transcription factors	BoMF2	Brassica oleracea	Bol029968	Transcriptional regulatory factor	Kang et al. (2014)
	MSH1	Arabidopsis	AT3G24320	Mitochondrial genome maintenance	http://www.arabidopsis.org
	CSP4	Arabidopsis	AT2G21060	Regulation of transcription	Nakaminami et al. (2006); Yang and Karlson (2011)
YABBY family	CRC	Arabidopsis	AT1G69180	Regulation of transcription	Prunet et al. (2008)
Zinc finger family	SUP	Arabidopsis, cucumber	AT3G23130	Transcription factor	Zhao et al. (2012)
	DOF4.2	Arabidopsis	AT4G21030	Regulation of transcription	Zuo et al. (2013)
	DOF4.4	Arabidopsis	AT4G21050	Regulation of transcription	Zuo et al. (2013)
	NTT	Arabidopsis	AT3G57670	Zinc finger transcription factor	Chung et al. (2013)
Tri‐helix family	ASIL1	Arabidopsis	AT1G54060	Regulation of transcription	Gao et al. (2016)
AP2‐ERF family	SlERF36	Tomato, Arabidopsis	AT1G50640	Regulation of transcription	Upadhyay et al. (2014)
	ANT	Arabidopsis	AT4G37750	Control of cell proliferation	Mizukami and Fischer  (2000)
MADS‐box family	GbAGL2	Arabidopsis, cotton	AT5G15800	Plant ovule development	Liu et al. (2015)
	SHP1/2	Arabidopsis	AT3G58780	Regulation of growth	Liljegren et al. (2004); Pinyopich et al. (2003)
	FUL	Arabidopsis	AT5G60910	Fruit development	Liljegren et al. (2000)
	STK	Arabidopsis	AT4G09960	Ovule development	Zhang et al. (2016)
Homeobox	RPL	Arabidopsis	AT5G02030	Homeodomain transcription factor	Roeder et al. (2003)
	WOX14	Arabidopsis	AT1G20700	Vasculature development	Deveaux et al. (2008)
bHLH family	AMS	Arabidopsis	AT2G16910	Regulation of transcription	Sorensen et al. (2003)
	IND	Arabidopsis	AT4G00120	Regulation of transcription	Liljegren et al. (2000)
	ALC	Arabidopsis	AT5G67110	Fruit development anddehiscence	Liljegren et al. (2000)
B3 family	REM22	Arabidopsis	AT3G17010	Transcriptional factor B3 family protein	http://www.arabidopsis.org
Elongation factor	TaTEF‐7A	Wheat, Arabidopsis	CJ655632.1/AT5G46030	Transcript elongation factor	Zheng et al. (2014)
	SPT4‐1	Arabidopsis	AT5G08565	Chromatin organization	Dürr et al., (2014)
	SPT4‐2	Arabidopsis	AT5G63670	Chromatin organization	Dürr et al., (2014)
MicroRNA	MaEF1A	Arabidopsis, Banana	AT1G18070	Translation elongation	Liu et al. (2008a)
	miR172	Arabidopsis/Peanut	AT2G28056	Gene silencing by miRNA	José Ripoll et al. (2015)
	miR397b	Arabidopsis/Peanut	AT4G13555	Gene silencing by miRNA	Wang et al. (2014)
	Md‐miRNA156	Arabidopsis/Apple	AT5G55835	Flower and fruit development	Sun et al. (2013)
Ubiquitin‐proteasome pathway	UBP15	Arabidopsis/Rice	AT1G17110	Ubiquitin‐specific proteases	Liu et al. (2016)
	UBP26	Arabidopsis	AT3G49600	Ubiquitin‐specific proteases	Luo et al. (2008)
	SWA1	Arabidopsis	AT2G47990	Embryo sac development	Shi et al. (2005)
	RHF1A	Arabidopsis	AT4G14220	Regulation of cell cycle	Liu et al. (2008b)
	RHF2A	Arabidopsis	AT5G22000	Regulation of cell cycle	Liu et al. (2008b)
	MMS21	Arabidopsis	AT3G15150	Regulation of meristem development	Liu et al. (2014a)
	UBC22	Arabidopsis	AT5G05080	Protein polyubiquitination	Wang et al. (2016)
	DA1	Arabidopsis	AT1G19270	Ubiquitin receptor	Li et al. (2018)
	SAP	Arabidopsis	AT5G35770	E3 ubiquitin ligase complex	Wang et al. (2017c)
G‐protein signalling	XLG1	Arabidopsis	AT2G23460	G‐protein γ‐subunit	Wang et al. (2017b)
	AGB1	Arabidopsis	AT4G34460	G‐protein β‐subunit	Lease et al. (2001)
Arabinogalactan protein	AGP19	Arabidopsis	AT1G68725	Arabinogalactan protein	Yang et al. (2007)
	AGP6	Arabidopsis	AT5G14380	Arabinogalactan glycoproteins	Levitin et al. (2008)
	AGP11	Arabidopsis	AT3G01700	Arabinogalactan glycoproteins	Levitin et al. (2008)
	HPGT1	Arabidopsis	AT5G53340	Hydroxyproline O‐galactosyltransferase	Ogawa‐Ohnishi and Matsubayashi (2015)
	HPGT2	Arabidopsis	AT4G32120	Hydroxyproline O‐galactosyltransferase	Ogawa‐Ohnishi and Matsubayashi (2015)
	HPGT3	Arabidopsis	AT2G25300	Hydroxyproline O‐galactosyltransferase	Ogawa‐Ohnishi and Matsubayashi (2015)
	FLA3	Arabidopsis	AT2G24450	Anchored component of membrane	Li et al. (2015)
	FLA4	Arabidopsis	AT3G46550	Mucilage biosynthetic process	Shi et al. (2019)
RNA‐binding protein	LSM1A	Arabidopsis	AT1G19120	RNA metabolic process	Perea‐Resa et al. (2012)
	LSM8	Arabidopsis	AT1G65700	RNA metabolic process	Perea‐Resa et al. (2012)
	LSM1B	Arabidopsis	AT3G14080	RNA metabolic process	Perea‐Resa et al. (2012)
Receptor kinase signalling	SNF4	Arabidopsis	AT1G09020	Carbohydrate metabolic process	http://www.arabidopsis.org
	ER	Arabidopsis	AT2G26330	Regulation of cell adhesion	Zanten et al. (2010)
	RPK2	Arabidopsis	AT3G02130	Meristem maintenance	Mizuno et al. (2007)
	BAM3	Arabidopsis	AT4G20270	Regulation of meristem growth	DeYoung et al. (2006)
	CLV1	Rapeseed/Arabidopsis	AT1G75820	Shoot and floral meristem size	Xiao et al. (2018)
	CLV3	Rapeseed/Arabidopsis	AT2G27250	Shoot apical meristem size	Yang et al. (2018)
Other proteins	HSP70	Arabidopsis	AT3G12580	Protein folding	Leng et al. (2016)
	CINV1	Arabidopsis	AT1G35580	Sucrose catabolic process	Qi et al. (2007)
	CcCCOAOMT1	Jute, Arabidopsis	AT4G34050	Lignin biosynthetic process	Zhang et al. (2014)
	GhWBC1	Cotton	AY255521.1	ATP‐binding cassette transporter	Zhu et al. (2003)
	LNG1	Arabidopsis	AT5G15580	Unidimensional cell growth	Lee et al. (2013)
	LNG2	Arabidopsis	AT3G02170	Unidimensional cell growth	Lee et al. (2013)
	AXY3/XYL1	Arabidopsis	AT1G68560	Glycoside hydrolase family 3	Günl and Pauly (2011)
	CALS7	Arabidopsis	AT1G06490	Callose synthase 7	Xie et al. (2011)
	BGAL10	Arabidopsis	AT5G63810	Glycoside hydrolase family 35	Sampedro et al. (2012)
	FATA2	Arabidopsis	AT4G13050	Fatty acid biosynthetic process	Wang et al. (2016)
	HEMN1	Arabidopsis	AT5G63290	Oxidation–reduction process	Pratibha et al. (2017)
	GGT1	Arabidopsis	AT4G39640	Glutathione catabolic process	Giaretta et al. (2017)
	GGT2	Arabidopsis	AT4G39650	Glutathione transmembrane transport	Giaretta et al. (2017)
	BcRISP1	Cabbage, Arabidopsis	AT5G13440	Oxidation–reduction process	Liu et al. (2014a)
	BnaC9.SMG7b	Rapeseed	BnaC09g38310D	Meiotic cell cycle	Li et al. (2008)
	LPAT2	Arabidopsis	AT3G57650	CDP‐diacylglycerol biosynthetic process	Kim et al. (2005)