Table 3:

Results of Sensitivity Analysis to Assess the Effects of Every Study on Pooled Prevalence of water-pipe smoking

Subgroup	Pre-Sensitivity Analysis				Post-Sensitivity Analysis
	No. of Included studies	Upper and Lower of EFa	95% CI	Pooled Prevalence (Random Effect)	Excluded Studies	95% CI	Pooled Prevalence (Random Effect)
At least once in the Life time	33	Upper	22–29	25	18	22.47–29.85	26.16
		Lower			17	20.19–28.71	24.81
At least once in the Last year	8	Upper	16–25	21	41	18.46–27.69	23.07
		Lower			42	14.94–20.62	17.78
At least once in the Last month	12	Upper	5–11	8	20	6.12–10.99	8.55
		Lower			43	4.49–10.38	7.43

^a.EF: effect size; the upper and lower limit of effect size (pooled odds ratio) in post-sensitivity analysis after omitting each study