Table 3.

Resilience definitions based on resilience outcome

HSR working definitions	Ability of a health system to maintain/improve its functions or meet health system objectives despite crisis
Primary analysis	Definition with sensitivity analyses	Indicator scoring
Definition 1: Resilience as maintaining health system function	At least X% of the MNCH indicators were maintained (did not change statistically significantly or improved statistically significantly) between 2011 and 2015	Score = 1 if state had a statistically significant improvement or non-statistically significant change in MNCH coverage
	X 1 = 100%, X2 = 80%, X3 = 50%	Score = 0 if state had a statistically significant decline in MNCH coverage
Definition 2: Resilience as improving health system function	At least X% of the MNCH indicators improved statistically significantly between 2011 and 2015	Score = 1 if state had a statistically significant improvement in MNCH coverage
	X 1 = 80%, X2 = 50%, X3 = 40%, X4 = 30%	Score = 0 if state had non-statistically significant change OR had a statistically significant decline in MNCH coverage
Definition 3: Resilience as achieving health system’s targets	At least half of the MNCH indicators met the health system coverage goal of Y% in both years or in 2015 only	Score = 1 if indicator coverage is ≥50% in both 2011 and 2015 or ≥50% in 2015 but <50% in 2011 (this would show improvement)
	Y 1 = 50%, Y2 = 40%, Y3 = 30%	Score=0 if indicator coverage is <50% in both 2011 and 2015 or is ≥50% in 2011 but <50% in 2015 (this would show decline)

HSR, health system resilience; MNCH, maternal, newborn and child health.