Table II.
Radiographic and laboratory findings of patients with COVID-19
| Findings | All patients (n = 548) | Nonsevere (n = 279) | Severe (n = 269) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CT findings preadmission | ||||
| Negative | 4 of 461 (0.9%) | 4 of 228 (1.8%) | 0 | .032 |
| Unilobar lesion | 21 of 461 (4.6%) | 14 of 228 (6.1%) | 7 of 233 (3.0%) | |
| Multilobar lesion | 436 of 461 (94.6%) | 210 of 228 (92.1%) | 226 of 233 (97.0%) | |
| Time from onset to pneumonia diagnosed by CT scan (d) | 4 (2-7) | 4 (2-6) | 4 (2-7) | .258 |
| SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test∗ | ||||
| Positive | 347 of 505 (68.7%) | 180 of 270 (66.7%) | 167 of 235 (71.1%) | .503 |
| Suspected positive | 41 of 505 (8.1%) | 22 of 270 (8.1%) | 19 of 235 (8.1%) | |
| Negative | 117 of 505 (23.2%) | 68 of 270 (25.2%) | 49 of 235 (20.9%) | |
| Oxygen saturation (%) | ||||
| ≤93 | 182 of 546 (33.3%) | 19 of 278 (6.8%) | 163 of 268 (60.8%) | .000 |
| >93 | 364 of 546 (66.7%) | 259 of 278 (93.2%) | 105 of 268 (39.2%) | |
| Blood leukocyte count (×10⁹/L) | ||||
| >10 | 63 of 542 (11.6%) | 8 of 275 (2.9%) | 55 of 267 (20.6%) | .000 |
| <4 | 130 of 542 (24.0%) | 84 of 275 (30.5%) | 46 of 267 (17.23%) | .000 |
| Neutrophil count (×10⁹/L) | ||||
| >6.5 | 118 of 542 (21.8%) | 22 of 275 (8.0%) | 96 of 267 (36.0%) | .000 |
| ≤2.0 | 67 of 542 (12.4%) | 50 of 275 (18.2%) | 17 of 267 (6.4%) | .000 |
| Lymphocyte count (×10⁹/L) | ||||
| <1.5 | 489 of 542 (90.2%) | 234 of 275 (85.1%) | 255 of 267 (95.5%) | .000 |
| ≤0.5 | 85 of 542 (15.7%) | 21 of 275 (7.6%) | 64 of 267 (24.0%) | .000 |
| Platelet count <150 × 10⁹/L | 157 of 539 (29.1%) | 68 of 274 (24.8%) | 89 of 265 (33.6%) | .029 |
| High sensitive C-reactive protein (mg/L) | ||||
| >10 | 460 of 540 (85.2%) | 205 of 272 (75.4%) | 255 of 268 (95.2%) | .000 |
| >100 | 138 of 540 (25.6%) | 40 of 272 (14.7%) | 98 of 268 (36.6%) | .000 |
| Procalcitonin >0.5 ng/mL | 46 of 486 (9.5%) | 3 of 249 (1.43%) | 43 of 237 (18.9%) | .000 |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate >20 mm/h | 377 of 518 (72.8%) | 179 of 264 (67.8%) | 198 of 254 (78.0%) | .010 |
| Ferritin >500 μg/L | 211 of 313 (67.4%) | 95 of 171 (55.9%) | 116 of 142 (81.7%) | .000 |
| D-dimer >1 mg/L | 227 of 501 (45.3%) | 78 of 254 (31.1%) | 149 of 247 (56.4%) | .000 |
| NT-proB-type natriuretic peptide >500 pg/L | 92 of 335 (27.5%) | 17 of 136 (13.3%) | 75 of 199 (37.9%) | .000 |
| LDH (U/L) | ||||
| >250 | 393 of 534 (73.6%) | 162 of 272 (59.6%) | 231 of 262 (88.2%) | .000 |
| >445 | 133 of 534 (24.9%) | 25 of 272 (9.2%) | 108 of 262 (41.2%) | .000 |
| Globulin >35 g/L | 218 of 540 (40.4%) | 88 of 275 (32.0%) | 130 of 265 (49.1%) | .000 |
| Albumin ≤35 g/L | 320 of 541 (59.1%) | 126 of 275 (45.8%) | 194 of 266 (72.9%) | .000 |
| Alanine aminotransferase >40 U/L | 125 of 541 (23.1%) | 61 of 275 (22.3%) | 64 of 266 (24.1%) | .683 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase >40 U/L | 179 of 540 (33.1%) | 64 of 275 (23.3%) | 115 of 265 (43.4%) | .000 |
| Total bilirubin >21 μmol/L | 24 of 541 (4.4%) | 7 of 275 (2.3%) | 17 of 266 (6.4%) | .036 |
| Conjugated bilirubin >8 μmol/L | 50 of 541 (9.2%) | 17 of 275 (6.3%) | 33 of 266 (12.6%) | .017 |
| Blood urea nitrogen >7.5 mmol/L | 85 of 539 (15.8%) | 18 of 273 (6.6%) | 67 of 266 (25.2%) | .000 |
| Creatinine >85 μmol/L | 146 of 539 (27.1%) | 61 of 273 (22.3%) | 85 of 266 (32.0%) | .015 |
| IL-1β >5 ng/L | 51 of 306 (16.7%) | 34 of 170 (20.0%) | 17 of 136 (12.5%) | .091 |
| IL-2R >710 U/mL | 164 of 309 (53.1%) | 73 of 171 (42.7%) | 91 of 138 (65.9%) | .000 |
| IL-6 >7 ng/L | 221 of 312 (70.8%) | 107 of 175 (61.1%) | 114 of 137 (83.2%) | .000 |
| IL-8 >62 ng/L | 24 of 309 (7.8%) | 10 of 171 (5.9%) | 14 of 137 (10.1%) | .200 |
| IL-10 >9.1 ng/L | 83 of 307 (27.0%) | 34 of 170 (20.0%) | 49 of 170 (35.8%) | .003 |
| TNF-α >8.1 ng/L | 182 of 309 (58.9%) | 89 of 171 (52.1%) | 93 of 138 (67.4%) | .008 |
| Proteinuria | 200 of 330 (60.6%) | 98 of 193 (50.8%) | 102 of 137 (74.5%) | .000 |
Data are expressed as median (IQR), n (%), or n of N (%), where N is the total number of patients with available data. P values comparing nonsevere cases and severe cases are from χ2 test, Fisher exact test, or Mann-Whitney U test.
IQR, Interquartile range.
∗
SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test was performed preadmission.