Table 1.
Use of vanadium in certain industrial sectors.
| Arm/military/other | Chemical composition of steel/alloy |
References | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Elements | Content [%] | Vanadium | Content [%] |
||
| Steel with vanadium addition | |||||
| Armored fighting vehicles | |||||
| PzKw V (Panther) tank (Panzerkampfwagen V Panter) | C Cr |
0.50 2.13 |
V | 0.14 | [17] |
| PzKw V (Panther) tank (Panzerkampfwagen V Panter) | C Cr |
0.44 1.72 |
V | 0.10 | [18] |
| Panzerkampfwagen II (PzKpfw II) | C Cr Si Mo Cu Ni |
0.40 1.3 0.25 0.50 0.18 trace |
V | 0.17 | [19] |
| Combat aircraft/parts for aircraft and rockets/other | |||||
| Alloys with vanadium addition | |||||
| Ti-6Al-4V | |||||
| Components parts for weapons and aircraft (engine parts, fasteners) | Ti Al |
90 5.5−6.76 |
V | 3.5−4.5 | [12,13,14,15] |
| Ti-13V-11Cr-3Al | |||||
| SR-71 Blackbird Component parts aircraft, missile applications |
Ti Cr Al |
∼75 10-12 2.5−3.5 |
V | 12.5−14.5 | [13,14,20] |
| Ti-3Al-2.5 V | |||||
| Component parts for aircraft (pipes in hydraulic systems) | Ti Al |
95.755-95.5 2.5−3.5 |
V | 2−3 | [13,14] |
| Ti-8Al-1Mo-1V | |||||
| Component parts for aircraft (compressor blades) | Ti Al Mo |
90 7.35-8.35 0.75-1.25 |
V | 0.75−1.75 | [14] |
| Ti-6Al-6 V-2Sn | |||||
| Component parts for aircraft (jet engines), rocket engine housings, weapon components | Ti Al Sn |
82.89-87.8 5−6 1.5-2.5 |
V | 5−6 | [14,20] |
| Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al | |||||
| Component parts for aircraft (landing gear, parts responsible for take-off and landing) | Ti Al Fe |
82.8-86.8 2.6-3.4 1.6-2.2 |
V | 9.0−11.0 | [12,13,14,16] |
| Ti-15 V-3Cr-3Al-3Sn | |||||
| Component parts for aircraft (hulls, wires) | Ti Al Cr Sn |
76 2.5−3.5 2.5−3.5 2.5−3.5 |
V | 14−16 | [13,14,16] |
| Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Mo-4Zr | |||||
| Component parts for aircraft (fasteners) | Ti Al Cr Mo Zr |
75 3-4 5.5−6.5 3.5−4.5 3.5−4.5 |
V | 7.5−8.5 | [14,16] |
| Ti-3.5Al-5Mo-6 V-3Cr-2Sn-0.5Fe | |||||
| Aerospace industry | Ti Al Mo Cr Sn Fe |
∼86 3.5 5 3 2 0.5 |
V | 6 | [16] |
| Ti-5Al-5Mo-5 V-1Cr-1Fe | |||||
| Aerospace industry | Ti Al Mo Cr Fe |
∼88 5 5 1 1 |
V | 5 | [16] |
| Ti-5Al-5 V-5Mo-3Cr-0.5Fe | |||||
| Aerospace industry | Ti Al Mo Cr Fe |
∼86 5 5 3 0,5 |
V | 5 | [16] |
| Ti-5Al-5Mo-5 V-3Cr-1Zr | |||||
| Aerospace industry | Ti Al Mo Cr Zr |
∼86 5 5 3 1 |
V | 5 | [16] |
| Ti-5 V-5Mo-5Al-3Cr | |||||
| Aerospace industry | Ti Mo Al Cr |
∼87 5 5 3 |
V | 5 | [16] |
| Ti-3Al-8V-6Cr-4Zr-4Mo | |||||
| Aerospace industry | Ti Al Cr Zr Mo |
∼83 3 6 4 4 |
V | 8 | [16,20] |