Table 4.

Human herpesviruses

	Alternate Name	Immunocompetent Host	Immunocompromised Hostsc	Liver Histology
HHV-1	HSV-1	Oral and genital ulcers	ALF, encephalitis	Hepatocyte necrosis, intranuclear inclusions, multinucleated giant cells
HHV-2	HSV-2	Oral and genital ulcers	ALF, encephalitis	Hepatocyte necrosis, intranuclear inclusions, multinucleated giant cells
HHV-3	VZV	Chickenpox, shingles	ALF, encephalitis	Hepatocyte necrosis, intranuclear inclusions, multinucleated giant cells
HHV-4	EBV	Infectious mononucleosisa	Hepatitis, PTLD, lymphoma	Sinusoidal lymphocytic infiltration
HHV-5	CMV	Mononucleosislike syndromea	Multisystemic organ involvementb	Mononuclear portal and sinusoidal infiltration, owl’s eye nuclear inclusions
HHV-6		Roseola	Rare	Nonspecific
HHV-7		Pityriasis rosea	Rare	Nonspecific
HHV-8	KSHV	Fever, rash, lymphadenopathy	Kaposi sarcoma, Castleman disease	Proliferation of spindle-shaped cells

Abbreviations: CMV, cytomegalovirus; EBV, Epstein-Barr virus; HHV, human herpesvirus; HSV, herpes simplex virus; KSHV, Kaposi sarcoma–associated herpes virus; PTLD, posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease; VZV, varicella zoster virus.

^aMononucleosis syndrome is the classic triad of fever, pharyngitis, and lymphadenopathy.

^bHepatitis, pneumonitis, colitis, myocarditis, retinitis, encephalitis, cytopenias.

^cMild hepatitis may occur with all HHV infections but severe hepatitis and ALF typically only occur in immunocompromised hosts.