Table 1.

Summary of the studies that reported on the treatment of complete anastomotic stenosis (COS).^11–20

Case	Reference	Year	Country	Sex	Age, years	Primary surgery	Level of anastomosis	Diagnosis	Treatment	Previous diverting stomas
1	Yuan11	2019	China	M	67	Low anterior resection and single barrel ileostomy	Anastomosis at 8 cm from the anal verge	COS	Incision was made by a needle knife and sequentially dilated by using a wire-guided balloon dilator.	Yes
2	Nunes12	2019	Portugal	M	57	Colorectal anastomosis with protective ileostomy was performed	Low anastomosis	COS	Endoscopic ultrasound-guided recanalization of complete colorectal anastomotic stenosis and using a lumen-apposing metal stent	Yes
3	Bong13	2019	South Korea	M	49	Low anterior resection	Low anastomosis	COS	Transanal minimally invasive surgery	Yes
4	Moyer14	2017	USA	F	30	Partial transverse colectomy	Transverse colocecal anastomosis	COS	Using the combined antegrade-retrograde dilation procedure	Yes
5	Gandhi15	2015	New Zealand	F	38	Anterior resection	Low anastomosis	COS	Retrograde endoscopic treatment of completely obstructed anastomotic	Yes
6	Gornals16	2015	Spain	M	66	Low anterior resection	Low anastomosis	COS	Endoscopic ultrasound-guided and using a lumen-apposing metal stent	Yes
7	Yazawa17	2014	Japan	M	79	Redo rectal resection	Low anastomosis	COS	Endoscopy: blunt penetration technique	Yes
8	Curcio18	2010	Italy	M	70	Low anterior resection	Low anastomosis	COS	Non-electrosurgical endoscopic approach before balloon dilatation	Yes
9	De Lusong19	2008	USA	F	40	Sigmoidectomy	Colorectal anastomosis	COS	Using a prototype forward-array echoendoscope and facilitated by SpyGlass	Yes
10	Chen20	2018	China	M	66	End-to-end anastomosis and ileocecal stoma	Colorectal anastomosis	COS	Endoscopic incision	Yes