Table 16.2.
Plant sources of shikimic acid.
| Plant source | Organ or part of plant | References |
|---|---|---|
| Iris pseudacorus | Rhizome | Henshaw et al. [19] |
| Picea pungens | All branches | Neish [20] |
| Picea glauca | All branches | Neish [20] |
| Eucalyptus sieberiana | Cambium | Hillis [21] |
| Eucalyptus regnans | Cambium | Hillis [21] |
| Ginkgo biloba | Inner bark, leaves | Hasegawa and Tateoka [22] |
| Pinus thunbergii | Leaves | Hasegawa and Tateoka [22] |
| Liquidambar styraciflua | Seeds | Enrich et al. [23] |
| Pinus densiflora | Roots, seeds, bark, leaves | Hasegawa et al. [24] |
| Pinus thunbergii | Roots, seeds, bark, leaves | Hasegawa et al. [24] |
| Illicium anisatum | Roots, seeds, bark, leaves | Hasegawa et al. [24] |
| Magnolia grandiflora | Roots, seeds, bark, leaves | Hasegawa et al. [24] |
| Houttuynia cordata | Roots, seeds, bark, leaves | Hasegawa et al. [24] |
| Saxifraga stolonifera | Roots, seeds, bark, leaves | Hasegawa et al. [24] |
| Terminalia arjuna | Fruits | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Pistacia lentiscus | Whole plant | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Ribes aureum | Whole plant | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Symphytum officinale | Leaf | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Actaea pachypoda | Whole plant | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Alangium salvifolium | Root | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Veratrum viride | Leaf | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Dipsacus laciniatus | Leaf | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Agastache urticifolia | Whole plant | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Inula helenium | Leaf | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Hypericum spp. | Whole plant | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Commelina benghalensis | Stem | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Gymnema sylvestris | Leaf | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Terminalia chebula | Fruits | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Illicium floridanum | Leaf | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Illicium diffengri | Fruits | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Illicium henryi | Fruits | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Illicium verum | Fruits | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Illicium lanceolatum | Fruits | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Illicium pachyphyllum | Fruits | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Illicium anisatum | Fruits | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Illicium religiosum | Fruits | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Hemidesmus indicus | Root | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Cistus incanus | Whole plant | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Sida acuta | Whole plant | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Celastrus paniculatus | Leaf | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Glycosmis muricata | Root | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Tanacetum parthenium | Leaf and blossom | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Triticum aestivum | Leaf | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Hypericum dolabriforme | Whole plant | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Dipsacus pilosus | Leaf | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Triadenum walteri | Whole plant | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Hypericum frondosum | Whole plant | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Terminalia pallid | Leaf | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Hemidesmus indicus | Whole plant | Bharathi et al. [25] |
| Chelidonium majus | Whole aboveground part with blossoms | Bochkov et al. [26] |
| Ribes aureum | Blossoms and young sprouts | Bochkov et al. [26] |
| Pteridium aquilinum | Aboveground part before expansion | Bochkov et al. [26] |
| Populus nigra | Leaves | Bochkov et al. [26] |
| Acer negundo | Seeds | Bochkov et al. [26] |
| Pinus sylvestris | Summer, winter needles | Bochkov et al. [26] |