Table 2.

Clinical Trials of DNA vaccines in cancer immunotherapy

NCT Number	Indication	Encoded protein	Adjuvant/Additional intervention	Strategy for breaking immune tolerance	Trial phase
aNCT02241369	Aerodigestive Malignancies (e.g., Squamous Cell Carcinoma)	HPV6 E6 and E7	IL-12 DNA	Tumor-specific viral antigen	I
NCT02204098	Breast cancer	Mammaglobin-A	Neoadjuvant Endocrine Therapy	Tumor-specific antigen	I
NCT02348320	Triple negative breast cancer	Personalized Antigenic Peptide	N/A	Tumor-specific antigen	I
NCT02172911	Cervical cancer	HPV16/18 E6 and E7	IL-12 DNA	Tumor-specific viral antigen	I
NCT01304524	Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia	HPV16/18 E6 and E7	N/A	Tumor-specific viral antigen	II
NCT02596243	Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia	HPV16/18 E6/E7 –FLT3L fusion	Built-in genetic adjuvant FLT3L	Tumor-specific viral antigen	II
NCT01064375	Colorectal cancer	CEA-tetanus toxoid fusion	GM-CSF adjuvant	Associative recognition	I/II
NCT01493154	Head and neck cancer	HPV E7-Calreticulin (CRT) fusion	Built-in genetic adjuvant CRT	Tumor-specific viral antigen	I
NCT02163057	Head and Neck squamous cell cancer	HPV16/18 E6/E7	IL12 DNA	Tumor-specific viral antigen	I/II
NCT01334060	Acute and chronic Myeloid Leukemia (AML, CML)	WT1-DOM fusion protein	N/A	Associative recognition	II
NCT01138410	Malignant melanoma (Stage III/IV)	SCB1	N/A	Associative recognition	I/II
NCT00471133	Skin and intraocular melanoma (Stage IIIB, IIC, III or IV)	Mouse tyrosinase	N/A	Xenogeneic antigen
NCT01440816	Merkel cell carcinoma	IL12	N/A	None	II
NCT00859729	Prostate cancer	rhesus PSA	N/A	Xenogeneic antigen	I/II
NCT02514213	Prostate cancer	PSA and PSMA	IL12 DNA	SynConTM antigen	I
NCT02327468	Multiple solid tumors	Human TERT	IL12 DNA	Antigen with modificationsb	I

^aNCT: National Clinical Trial

^bThe TERT antigen encoded by the DNA vaccine was synthesized and codon-optimized. Two immunogenic mutations (R589Y and D1005Y) were incorporated into the hTERT sequence to assist in breaking tolerance