TABLE 7.

Relationship between ventriculo-arterial coupling and left ventricular efficiency and peripheral Ea_dyn (radial PPV/SVV) according to a mixed-effect regression model.

		95% confidence
Fixed effects	Estimate	interval	p value
Ventriculo-arterial coupling indexes
VAC (Ea/Ees)	–0.380	−0.460 to −0.300	<0.001
Ees, mmHg⋅ml–1	2.259	1.742 to 2.776	<0.001
Ea, mmHg⋅ml–1	–0.888	−1.166 to −0.609	<0.001
Left ventricular energetics
LVeff,%	0.022	0.016 to 0.027	<0.001
Stroke work, mmHg⋅l	0.083	0.051 to 0.116	<0.001
Potential energy mmHg⋅l	–0.112	−0.152 to −0.072	<0.001

Estimates reflect the average change in peripheral Ea_dyn per unit increase of the fixed effect. Ea_dyn, dynamic arterial elastance; PPV, pulse pressure variation; SVV, stroke volume variation; Ees, left ventricular end-systolic elastance; Ea, effective arterial elastance; VAC, ventriculo-arterial coupling; LV_eff, left ventricular mechanical efficiency.