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. 2020 Mar 24;10(3):592. doi: 10.3390/nano10030592

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© 2020 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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High-angle annular dark field (HAADF)–scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) images (a,e), spectral images of Ti (b,f) and O (c,g) obtained by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and EDX spectra (d,h) of E171 materials purchased at webshops: (a–d) anatase TiO₂ (E171-06) and (e–h) pearlescent pigment (E171-05).