Table 3.
Association of knowledge and concerns related to COVID-19 and the psychological impact as well as adverse mental health status during the first and second survey (n = 1738).
| Knowledge and concerns related to COVID-19 | The first survey (January 31– February 2, 2020) (N = 1210) † |
The second survey (February 28 – March 1, 2020) (N = 861) † |
|||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Impact of event |
Stress |
Anxiety |
Depression |
Impact of event |
Stress |
Anxiety |
Depression |
||||||||||
| B | t | B | t | B | t | B | t | B | t | B | t | B | t | B | t | ||
| Route of transmission | |||||||||||||||||
| Droplets | |||||||||||||||||
| Agree | 0.21 | 1.49 | 0.15 | 1.79 | 0.17 | 1.26 | 0.27 | 2.53* | 0.07 | 0.45 | −0.11 | −1.36 | −0.12 | −0.91 | −0.15 | −1.33 | |
| Disagree | 0.48 | 1.28 | 0.09 | 0.42 | 0.22 | 0.65 | 0.18 | 0.66 | 0.13 | 0.30 | 0.46 | 1.91 | 0.68 | 1.81 | 0.50 | 1.61 | |
| Do not know | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Contact via contaminated objects | |||||||||||||||||
| Agree | 0.04 | 0.40 | −0.02 | −0.37 | −0.07 | −0.81 | 0.02 | 0.21 | −0.06 | −0.54 | −0.08 | −1.17 | −0.05 | −0.47 | −0.10 | −1.24 | |
| Disagree | −0.04 | −0.27 | −0.16 | −1.80 | −0.23 | −1.63 | −0.10 | −0.89 | 0.13 | 0.66 | 0.003 | 0.03 | −0.16 | −0.90 | −0.16 | −1.05 | |
| Do not know | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Airborne | |||||||||||||||||
| Agree | 0.11 | 1.25 | 0.04 | 0.67 | 0.12 | 1.39 | 0.08 | 1.21 | 0.06 | 0.55 | 0.04 | 0.63 | 0.03 | 0.29 | −0.03 | −0.30 | |
| Disagree | 0.17 | 1.50 | −0.002 | −0.03 | 0.04 | 0.40 | 0.03 | 0.38 | 0.02 | 0.11 | −0.05 | −0.57 | −0.04 | −0.32 | −0.08 | −0.75 | |
| Do not know | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Level of confidence in own doctor’s ability to diagnose or recognize COVID-19 | |||||||||||||||||
| Very confident | −0.20 | −0.82 | 0.05 | 0.33 | 0.02 | 0.07 | 0.02 | 0.11 | 0.12 | 0.35 | −0.33 | −1.67 | −0.42 | −1.37 | −0.85 | −3.34** | |
| Somewhat confident | 0.19 | 0.81 | 0.16 | 1.14 | 0.22 | 0.98 | 0.09 | 0.51 | 0.42 | 1.24 | −0.25 | −1.27 | −0.34 | −1.08 | −0.72 | −2.82** | |
| Not very confident | 0.19 | 0.64 | 0.18 | 1.04 | 0.38 | 1.40 | 0.10 | 0.44 | 0.48 | 1.10 | 0.03 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.26 | −0.43 | −1.31 | |
| Not at all confident | 0.66 | 1.34 | 1.18 | 4.04*** | 1.86 | 4.04*** | 1.66 | 4.50*** | −0.33 | −0.35 | −0.23 | −0.42 | 0.37 | 0.41 | −0.33 | −0.46 | |
| Do not know | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Likelihood of contracting COVID − 19 during the epidemic | |||||||||||||||||
| Very likely | −0.33 | −2.27* | 0.05 | 0.63 | 0.07 | 0.49 | 0.15 | 1.38 | −0.34 | −1.75 | −0.06 | −0.57 | 0.07 | 0.38 | −0.06 | −0.42 | |
| Somewhat likely | 0.15 | 1.24 | 0.06 | 0.84 | −0.02 | −0.13 | 0.04 | 0.40 | −0.03 | −0.23 | −0.14 | −1.58 | −0.03 | −0.24 | −0.14 | −1.25 | |
| Not very likely | 0.14 | 1.19 | −0.002 | −0.03 | −0.05 | −0.49 | 0.03 | 0.38 | 0.05 | 0.34 | −0.15 | −1.77 | −0.08 | −0.57 | −0.15 | −1.36 | |
| Not likely at all | −0.23 | −1.54 | −0.18 | −2.04* | −0.36 | −2.58* | −0.19 | −1.68 | −0.12 | −0.65 | −0.19 | −1.90 | −0.15 | −0.92 | −0.31 | −2.33* | |
| Do not know | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Likelihood of surviving if infected with COVID-19 | |||||||||||||||||
| Very likely | −0.19 | −1.70 | −0.02 | −0.33 | −0.06 | −0.60 | 0.01 | 0.14 | −0.32 | −2.27* | −0.14 | −1.71 | −0.18 | −1.37 | −0.23 | −2.14* | |
| Somewhat likely | 0.12 | 1.25 | 0.01 | 0.25 | −0.03 | −0.33 | −0.01 | −0.08 | 0.02 | 0.12 | −0.09 | −1.18 | −0.09 | −0.83 | −0.19 | −2.00* | |
| Not very likely | 0.23 | 1.67 | 0.18 | 2.24* | 0.18 | 1.38 | 0.15 | 1.42 | −0.01 | −0.06 | 0.06 | 0.52 | 0.39 | 2.20* | 0.21 | 1.45 | |
| Not likely at all | 0.42 | 1.45 | 0.34 | 2.02* | 0.42 | 1.55 | 0.49 | 2.28* | −0.24 | −0.69 | 0.08 | 0.39 | 0.52 | 1.62 | 0.18 | 0.67 | |
| Do not know | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| Satisfaction with the amount of health information available about COVID-19 | |||||||||||||||||
| Very satisfied | 0.02 | 0.09 | −0.09 | −0.79 | −0.20 | −1.15 | −0.12 | −0.85 | −0.07 | −0.25 | −0.60 | −3.92*** | −0.69 | −2.87** | −0.72 | −3.63*** | |
| Somewhat satisfied | 0.23 | 1.26 | 0.03 | 0.25 | −0.02 | −0.13 | −0.001 | −0.004 | 0.36 | 1.40 | −0.48 | −3.21** | −0.60 | −2.55* | −0.61 | −3.13** | |
| Not very satisfied | 0.39 | 2.02* | 0.09 | 0.75 | 0.05 | 0.27 | 0.08 | 0.53 | 0.12 | 0.38 | −0.30 | −1.66 | −0.41 | −1.43 | −0.31 | −1.30 | |
| Not satisfied at all | 0.63 | 2.40* | 0.32 | 2.07* | 0.41 | 1.67 | 0.43 | 2.19* | 0.80 | 2.13* | 0.08 | 0.36 | 0.18 | 0.52 | −0.15 | −0.54 | |
| Do not know | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
| The primary source of health information on COVID-19 | |||||||||||||||||
| Internet | −0.46 | −0.90 | −0.25 | −0.82 | −0.57 | −1.22 | 0.19 | 0.50 | −0.33 | −0.76 | −0.11 | −0.43 | −0.70 | −1.77 | −0.47 | −1.44 | |
| Television | −0.22 | −0.40 | −0.07 | −0.22 | −0.35 | −0.71 | 0.31 | 0.79 | −0.33 | −0.68 | −0.25 | −0.91 | −0.65 | −1.50 | −0.26 | −0.72 | |
| Radio | 0.83 | 0.62 | 1.33 | 1.69 | 2.67 | 2.14* | 2.67 | 2.67** | 0.11 | 0.13 | 2.11 | 4.30*** | 1.89 | 2.42* | 2.33 | 3.64*** | |
| Family members | −0.47 | −0.73 | −0.27 | −0.71 | −0.33 | −0.56 | −0.03 | −0.07 | 0.11 | 0.17 | −0.27 | −0.73 | −0.87 | −1.48 | −0.43 | −0.89 | |
| Other sources | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||||||||
†There were 333 respondents who participated in both the first and second surveys.
* p < 0·05, **p < 0·01, ***p < 0·001.