Figure 3.

Relative singleton density $\left(\xi /{\xi }_0\right)$ and relative diversity $\left(\pi /{\pi }_0\right)$ across time for demographic models 1 and 5–8. The top panel shows each demographic model; time proceeds forward from left to right and is scaled by the N of the population at the initial generation ($N_{anc}$; 20,000 individuals). Dot-dashed lines in the top panels show the estimated $N_e$ from observed ${\pi }_0$. Dotted lines in the bottom panel show the equilibrium expectation of $\pi /{\pi }_0$ from a log-linear model of simulated background selection with the specific selection parameters and the estimated $N_e$ at each time point (see Figure S3). Envelopes are 95% CIs calculated from 10,000 bootstraps of the original simulation data.