Table 3.
Summary of studies regarding OPG and breast cancer prognosis.
| Study | Tissues/Subjects | OPG analysis | Significant data |
|---|---|---|---|
| Holen et al. (5) and Cross et al. (25) | 400 breast tumors | Protein IHC |
•OPG expression lower with increasing tumor grade •OPG expression lower in ER- than ER+ tumors |
| Van Poznak et al. (26) | 40 breast tumors | Protein IHC |
•Correlation between OPG expression and ER/PR status |
| Santini et al. (27) | 295 breast tumors | RNA | •OPG expression associated with good prognosis |
| OPG = good prognosis | Microarray | •High OPG expression associated with increased DFS and OS •No difference ER+ vs. ER- |
|
| Owen et al. (28) | 127 breast tumors | RNA | •High OPG expression associated with significantly poorer OS |
| OPG = poor prognosis | 31 matching normal tissues | qRT-PCR | |
| Sanger et al. (29) | 4,467 breast tumors | RNA | •OPG expression lower in ER+ |
| OPG = good prognosis (ER+) | Microarray | •OPG expression associated with better prognosis in ER+ | |
| Park et al. (30) | 175 breast tumors | IHC | •Lower OPG expression with increasing tumor grade |
| No link | •OPG expression associated with lack of lymph node involvement and lower proliferation index •No link OPG expression with DFS/OS |
||
| Labovsky et al. (32, 33) | 63 breast tumors | IHC | •Higher OPG expression in breast tumors than in healthy tissue |
| OPG associated with metastasis | 10 non-neoplastic control tissues | •OPG expression in spindle-shaped stromal cells from breast tumors associated with presence of metastasis | |
| Luo et al. (34) | 546 breast tumors dataset | RNA | •High OPG expression associated with increased OS and distant metastasis free survival |
| OPG = good prognosis | 86 breast tumors | Microarray IHC |
•IHC showed OPG down-regulated in breast tumors compared to adjacent tissue |
| Vidula et al. (35) | 149 I-SPY1 breast tumors | RNA | •Higher OPG expression in HER2– vs. HER+ |
| No link | 425 breast tumor dataset (all pre-treatment) |
Microarray | •Higher OPG expression in lower stage and grade of tumor •No significant effect on relapse free survival |
| Timotheadou et al. (36) | 814 breast tumors | RNA | •Higher OPG expression associated with luminal A subtype |
| No link | qRT-PCR | •Low OPG expression associated with modified radical mastectomy and higher histological grade •No association between OPG and DFS/OS |
|
| Rachner et al. (37) | 504 primary, non-metastatic breast cancer patients | Serum | •High OPG serum levels associated with poorer survival |
| OPG = poor prognosis |
Studies which present data in relation to prognosis are highlighted as good prognosis (yellow), poor prognosis (blue), and no link to prognosis (green).