Table 3.
Univariate associations with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) Stage 2 or more.
| NEC | No NEC | OR | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| with 95% CI | ||||
| Maternal age median (IQR) | 29 (24–33) | 30 (24–34) | 0.34 | |
| PPROM % | 25.3 | 23.5 | 1.1 (0.68–1.77) | |
| Preterm labor % | 71.4 | 58.8 | 1.74 (1.12–2.72) | |
| Pre-eclampsia % | 17.2 | 16.2 | 1.07 (0.62–1.84) | |
| Antepartum hemorrhage % | 32.2 | 21.4 | 1.76 (1.13–2.74) | |
| Antenatal IUGR % | 6.8 | 15.5 | 0.41 (0.18–0.87) | |
| Fetal distress % | 15.5 | 25.5 | 0.54 (0.30–0.94) | |
| Intra partum antibiotics % | 60.8 | 47.4 | 1.72 (1.12–2.63) | |
| Antenatal steroid none/any % | 9.0 | 11.2 | 0.78 (0.39–1.56) | |
| Antenatal steroid complete % | 70.3 | 70.3 | 0.99 (0.63–1.58) | |
| Ethnicity | – | – | 0.33 | |
| Hospital | – | – | 0.11 | |
| Out born % | 6.8 | 7.8 | 1.16 (0.53–2.51) | |
| Vaginal birth % | 44.6 | 38.9 | 1.26 (0.85–1.88) | |
| Multiple birth % | 16.5 | 27.2 | 0.53 (0.31–0.89) | |
| Birth weight mean (SD) | 909 (±265) | 1,238 (±376) | <0.001 | |
| Gestation weeks (IQR) | 26 (25–28) | 29 (27–31) | <0.001 | |
| Male sex % | 62 | 54 | 1.41 (0.92–2.14) | |
| Worst base excess | −5.65 (4.0) | −4.03 (4.6) | <0.001 | |
| Apgar 1 min median (IQR) | 6 (4–7) | 6 (5–8) | 0.026 | |
| Apgar 5 min median (IQR) | 8 (7–9) | 9 (7–9) | 0.014 | |
| Admission temperature°C mean (SD) | 36.22 (0.87) | 36.41 (0.76) | 0.119 | |
| Birth weight z score mean (SD) | −082 (1.11) | −081 (1.11) | 0.993 | |
| Breast milk at onset % | 83 | 87 | 0.73 (0.43–1.23) |
PPROM, preterm pre labor rupture of membranes; IUGR, intrauterine growth restriction.
SD, standard deviation; IQR, interquartile range; OR, odds ratio.