Table 1.
Characteristics of the participants
| Variable | Before matching |
After matching |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| vmAD | HC | p valuea | vmAD | HC | p valuea | |
| (n = 107) | (n = 682) | (n = 104) | (n = 104) | |||
| Age, years, mean ± SD | 78.1±6.0 | 73.7±5.5 | <0.001 | 77.9±5.9 | 77.9±5.9 | 1.000 |
| Women, n (%) | 58 (54.2) | 375 (54.7) | 0.708 | 57 (54.8) | 57 (54.8) | 1.000 |
| Education, years, mean ± SD | 11.6±2.7 | 11.0±3.8 | 0.456 | 11.6±2.7 | 11.2±3.3 | 0.532 |
| MMSE, mean ± SD | 25.4±1.5 | 28.0±1.9 | <0.001 | 25.6±1.5 | 26.0±1.9 | 0.008 |
| PSMS, mean ± SD | 5.5±0.8 | 5.9±0.7 | <0.001 | 5.5±0.8 | 5.7±1.0 | 0.362 |
| Lawton IADL, women (max 8), mean ± SD | 6.3±1.4 | 7.8±0.7 | <0.001 | 6.3±1.5 | 7.6±0.9 | <0.001 |
| Lawton IADL, men (max 5)b, mean ± SD | 3.8±1.1 | 4.9±0.6 | <0.001 | 3.8±1.2 | 4.7±0.9 | <0.001 |
HC, healthy control; vmAD, very mild Alzheimer's disease; MMSE, Mini-Mental State Examination; PSMS, Physical Self-Maintenance Scale; IADL, instrumental and basic activities of daily living.
a
Student t test for continuous measures and Pearson χ2 test for proportions.
b
Lawton IADL scores for men excluded 3 items (preparing food, housekeeping, and doing laundry).