Table 3. Assessment of the methodological quality (risk of bias) in included studies using the Cochrane RoB 2 tool.
Trial | Randomization process | Deviations from intended interventions | Missing outcome data | Measurement of the outcome | Selection of the reported result | Overall risk of bias |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
One-level | ||||||
Bryan, US FDA IDE | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
Bryan, China | □ | □ | ○ | ○ | ○ | □ |
Kineflex|C, US FDA IDE | □ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | □ |
Mobi-C, US FDA IDE | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
Mobi-C, China | □ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | □ |
PCM, US FDA IDE | □ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | □ |
Prestige ST, US FDA IDE | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
ProDisc-C, US FDA IDE | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
Secure-C, US FDA IDE | □ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | □ |
Two-level | ||||||
Mobi-C, US FDA IDE | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
Prestige LP, US FDA IDE | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ | ○ |
○, low risk of bias; □, some concerns; △, high risk of bias.