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. 2019 Oct 18;71(3):955–971. doi: 10.1002/hep.30881

Figure 5.

Figure 5

4‐1BB costimulation enhances the function of CD8+ TILs, especially in HCCs exhibiting prominent T‐cell activation. (A) Investigation of the effect of 4‐1BB costimulation on the proliferative response of CD8+ TILs, as indicated by SI. (B,C,E) Study patients were subdivided into two subgroups using the median SI by anti–4‐1BB as the cutoff. (B) Comparison between the two subgroups of the relative increases of IFN‐γ and TNF‐α production by CD8+ TILs with 4‐1BB costimulation. (C) Comparison between the two subgroups of the percentages of 4‐1BB+, CD39+CD103+, CD38+HLA‐DR+, and Ki‐67+ cells among CD8+ TILs. (D) Correlation between the percentage of 4‐1BBpos CD8+ TILs and the SI by 4‐1BB costimulation. (E) Receiver operating characteristic curve estimating the performance of the percentages of 4‐1BBpos CD8+ TILs with regard to distinguishing the two subgroups. Data are presented as mean ± SEM. (B,C) ** P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. Abbreviation: Max, maximum.