Table 1.

Effect of seaweed extracts on plant nutrient uptake and translocation.

Plant	Seaweed Species	Extraction Technic	Elemental Composition	Experiment Conditions	Mode of Application	Findings	Source
Maize	Kappaphycus alvarezii (Ka)/Gracilaria edulis (Ge) (Applied separately)	Liquid filtrate from fresh seaweed	K+ 33,654; 682.1, P3+ 17.45; not detected, Ca2+ 321; 352, Mg2+ 112; 311 for Ka and Ge respectively.	Field experiment	Foliar spray	Enhanced N, P and K uptake (grain + stover) for both extracts	[78]
Oilseed Rape	Ecklonia maxima	Cold cell burst	N 3.6 g.kg−1, P 8.2 g.kg−1, K 7.2 g.kg−1, Ca 0.8 g.kg−1, Mg 0.2 g.kg−1, Fe 13.6 mg.kg−1, Mn 8.4 mg.kg−1, B 0.24 mg.kg−1, Zn 4.2 mg.kg−1, and Cu 0.2 mg.kg−1	Pot experiment	Root application	Enhanced Leaf P and K concentration.	[38]
Tomato	Ecklonia maxima	Cold cell burst	N 3.6 g.kg−1, P 8.2 g.kg−1, K 7.2 g.kg−1, Ca 0.8 g.kg−1, Mg 0.2 g.kg−1, Fe 13.6 mg.kg−1, Mn 8.4 mg.kg−1, B 0.24 mg.kg−1, Zn 4.2 mg.kg−1, and Cu 0.2 mg.kg−1	In soil under greenhouse	Foliar spray	Enhanced Fruit Ca concentration.	[79]
Tomato	Ascophyllum nodosum	Not mentioned	Fe 39.9 µg.mL−1, Mn 20.9 µg.mL−1, Cu 3.0 µg.mL−1, Zn 4.1 µg.mL−1	Pots under growth chamber	Not mentioned	Enhanced concentration of Mn, Cu, and Zn in root and leaf.	[57]
Oilseed Rape	Ascophyllum nodosum	Acid extraction	Ca 0.854, Cu 0.009, Fe 0.030, K 6.630, Mg 0.919, N not detected, Na 3.102, P 0.116, S 2.660, Si 0.027, Zn 0.002% of dry weight	Hydroponic under greenhouse	In nutrient solution	Increased relative Mn, Cu, and Mg concentration in whole plant.	[80]
Wheat	Ascophyllum nodosum	Acid extraction	K 4442, P 78, S 1782, N 0 (concentration of 67 g DW dissolved in 1 L of water).	Pot experiment	Foliar spray	Enhanced Grain K	[81]
Oilseed Rape	Ascophyllum nodosum	Acid extraction	K 4442, P 78, S 1782, N 0 (concentration of 67 g DW dissolved in 1 L of water).	Pots under greenhouse conditions	In nutrient solution	Stimulation of root and shoot N and S.	[76]
Soybean	Kappaphycus alvarezii	Liquid filtrate from fresh seaweed	N 0.03%, P 33.99 mg.L−1, K 1.97%, S 0.06%, Ca 460.11 mg.L−1, Mg 581.2 mg.L−1, Na 0.51%, Cu 0.3 mg.L−1, Fe 10.59 mg.L−1, Mn 2.5 mg.L−1, Zn 0.62 mg.L−1	Soil, field experiment	Foliar spray	Enhanced N, P, K, S grain uptake and N, P straw uptake.	[82]