Table 3.
Scientific publications on cryopreservation of endemic plant species, by method (D-V—Droplet-vitrification; E-D—Encapsulation-dehydration; E-V—Encapsulation-vitrification; Direct LN—Direct immersion in liquid nitrogen; Vit—Vitrification) and explant type. Data refers to maximum survival (S)/regrowth (R)/germination (G) rate obtained after cryopreservation. The IUCN Status 2020 is also included (NE—Not Evaluated; DD—Data Deficient; LC—Least Concern; NT—Near Threatened; VU—Vulnerable; EN—Endangered; CR—Critically Endangered).
| Method(s) | Species | Region | Explant | Rate (%) | Reference | IUCN |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vit | Anigozanthos viridis ssp terraspectans Hopper | Western Australia | Shoot tips | 89 (S) | [83,84] | - |
| Hypericum rumeliacum Boiss. | Balkan Peninsula | Shoot tips | 2 (S) | [85] | - | |
| Luisia macrantha Blatt. & McCann | Western Ghats (India) | Pollinia | 56 (G) | [75] | - | |
| Macropidia fuliginosa (Hook.) Druce | Western Australia | Shoot tips Somatic embryos |
84 (S) 91 (S) |
[86] | - | |
| Thymus moroderi Pau ex Martínez | South-eastern Spain | Shoot tips | 70 (S) | [81] | - | |
| Tuberaria major (Willk.) P. Silva and Rozeira | Algarve Region (Portugal) | Shoo tips | 60 (R) | [82] | EN | |
| D-V | Aster altaicus var. uchiyamae Kitam | Korea | Shoot tips | 65 (R) | [87] | - |
| Cycladenia humilis Benth. var. jonesii (Eastw.) S.L. Welsh & N.D. Atwood | Canyonlands region of Utah and Arizona (USA) | Shoot tips | 54 (R) | [33] | - | |
| Dianthus giganteus D’Urv subsp. banaticus (Heuff.) Tutin | Southwest Carpathians (Romenia) | Shoot tips | 43 (R) | [34] | - | |
| Hypericum richeri ssp. transsilvanicum (Čelak) Ciocârlan | Southeast Carpathians, Transilvania (Romania) | Axillary buds | 68 (S) | [38] | - | |
| Lithodora rosmarinifolia (Ten.) I. M. Johnst. | Sicily (Italy) | Nodal segments | 33 (R) | [88] | - | |
| Lomandra sonderi (F.Muell.) Ewart | Western Australia | Shoot tips | 32 (S) | [89] | - | |
| Loxocarya cinerea R. Br. | Western Australia | Callus | 90 (S) | [78] | - | |
| Paraisometrum mileense W. T. Wang | Yunnan, China | Shoot tips | 86 (R) | [79] | - | |
| Plantago algarbiensis Samp. | Algarve Region (Portugal) | Nodal segments | 60 (R) | [70] | EN | |
| Thymus cariensis Hub-Mor. & Jalas | Turkey | Shoot tips | 25 (R) | [90] | - | |
| Thymus lotocephalus G. López & R. Morales | Algarve Region (Portugal) | Shoot tips | 67 (R) | [91] | NT | |
| Thymus moroderi Pau ex Martínez | South-eastern Spain | Shoot tips | 79 (S) | [80] | - | |
| E-D | Antirrhinum microphyllum Rothm. | Spain | Nodal segments | 70 (S) | [92] | - |
| Hladnikia pastinacifolia Rchb | Plateau of Trnovski Gozd, Alps (Slovenia) | Shoot tips | 53 (R) | [62] | DD | |
| Centaurium rigualii Esteve | Iberian Peninsula | Nodal segments | 70 (S) | [93] | - | |
| Plantago algarbiensis Samp. | Algarve Region (Portugal) | Nodal segments | 63 (R) | [70] | EN | |
| Pteris adscensionis Swartz | Ascension Island | Gametophytes | 48 (S) | [21] | CR | |
| Thymus moroderi Pau ex Martínez | South-eastern Spain | Shoot tips | 50 (S) | [81] | - | |
| Thymus lotocephalus G. López & R. Morales | Algarve Region (Portugal) | Shoot tips | 44 (R) | [91] | NT | |
| Tuberaria major (Willk.) P. Silva and Rozeira | Algarve Region (Portugal) | Shoot tips | 67 (R) | [82] | EN | |
| E-V | Hladnikia pastinacifolia Rchb | Plateau of Trnovski Gozd, Alps (Slovenia) | Shoot tips | 64 (R) | [62] | DD |
| Cryo-mesh | Anigozanthos viridis Endl. | Western Australia | Shoot tips | 83 (R) | [94] | - |
| VIV | Anigozanthos viridis ssp. terraspectans Hopper | Western Australia | Shoo tips | 31 (R) | [95] | - |
| Lomandra sonderi (F.Muell.) Ewart | Western Australia | Shoo tips | 42 (R) | [95] | - | |
| Loxocarya cinerea R. Br. | Western Australia | Shoo tips | 10 (R) | [95] | - | |
| Desiccation | Nothapodytes nimmoniana (Graham) Melbbery | Western Ghats (India) | Embryonic axes | 60 (G) | [74] | - |
| Direct LN | Pleopeltis lepidopteris Langsd. & Fisch. | South Brazil | Spores | 89 (G) | [96] | - |