Table 1. Clinical Trials of DLBCL Treatment Evaluating Role of Specific Biomarkers.

Reference	Biomarker	Study/patient population	Intervention	Main results
Mounier et al, 2003[35]	BCL2	Patients aged between 60-80 years with DLBCL Stage II or higher	R-CHOP versus CHOP	Rituximab can prevent chemotherapy failure in patients with BCL2 protein overexpression.
Wilson et al, 2008 [36]	BCL2	Patients aged ≥ 18 years with untreated DLBCL of stage II or higher	DA-EPOCH-R versus DA-EPOCH	Addition of rituximab only benefited patients with BCL2 positive tumors.
Winter et al, 2006 [37]	BCL6	DLBCL patients aged ≥ 60 years included in E4494, C9793, S4494 trial and with adequate pathology sample	R-CHOP versus CHOP	The addition of R to CHOP reduced treatment failures and death in BCL6-DLBCL cases only. BCL2 protein expression was not predictive of outcome in both groups.
Wilson et al, 2008 [36]	BCL6	Patients aged ≥ 18 years with untreated DLBCL of stage II or higher	DA-EPOCH-R versus DA-EPOCH	BCL6 expression was associated with higher PFS.
Winter et al, 2010 [38]	p21	DLBCL patients aged ≥ 18 years included in E4494 trial and with adequate pathology sample trial	R-CHOP versus CHOP	p21 expression was a favorable independent prognostic indicator in patients treated with R-CHOP but not with CHOP alone. The addition of R to CHOP selectively benefited the p21 positive patients.
Liu et al, 2007 [39]	PRDM1: PRDM1α and PRDM1β	DLBCL patients aged ≥ 18 years with adequate pathology sample	R-CHOP versus CHOP	In the non-GCB patients, PRDM1β gene expression was correlated with short survival time in CHOP versus R-CHOP.

BCL: B-cell leukemia/lymphoma; CHOP: cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine and prednisone; DA-EPOCH: dose-adjusted etoposide, prednisone, oncovin (vincristine), cyclophosphamide, and hydroxydaunorubicin (doxorubicin); DLBCL: diffuse large B-cell lymphoma; GCB: germinal center B-cell; PRDM1: positive regulatory domain 1; R: rituximab.