Table 2.
Baseline and post-treatment assessment
| Measure | Pre-Treatment | Post-Treatment | Mean within-subject change | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weight (kg) | 87.7 ± 23.0 | 89.3 ± 22.1 | 1.6 ± 3.2 | 0.25 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 131.1 ± 10.8 | 124.3 ± 23.1 | −6.9 ± 22.5 | 0.43 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 81.7 ± 9.0 | 77. 8 ± 13.8 | −3.9 ± 14.2 | 0.41 |
| Heart Rate (bpm) | 61.3 ± 7.2 | 59.6 ± 6.2 | −1.6 ± 4.6 | 0.30 |
| Serum Potassium (mmol/L) | 3.67 ± 0.24 | 4.12 ± 0.35 | 0.4 ± 0.5 | 0.06 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.09 ± 0.16 | 1.21 ± 0.38 | 0.12 ± 0.39 | 0.35 |
| Glucose, fasting (mmol/L) | 5.18 ± 0.60 | 5.22 ± 0.58 | 0.0 ± 0.4 | 0.82 |
| Insulin, fasting (pmol/L) | 61.21 ± 16.13 | 83.18 ± 37.09 | 22.0 ± 46.7 | 0.13 |
| C-peptide, fasting (pmol/L) | 525.34 ± 105.12 | 693.59 ± 224.70 | 168.2 ± 260.5 | 0.13 |
| C-peptide/Insulin ratio | 9.20 ± 2.95 | 9.11 ± 2.64 | −0.1 ± 2.6 | 1.0 |
| Fructosamine (μmol/L) | 461.2±169.1 | 457.1±101.6 | −4.1±94.2 | 0.94 |
| Aldosterone (ng/dL) | 20.4 ± 15.2 | 6.2 ± 3.7 | −14.3 ± 16.6 | 0.02 |
| 11-deoxycorticosterone (pg/mL) | 47.4 ± 34.1 | 16.6 ± 19.3 | −30.9 ± 41.3 | 0.02 |
| Cortisol (μg/dL) | 9.7±2.7 | 9.2±2.6 | −0.6±3.4 | 0.57 |
| Corticotropin (pg/mL) | 40.4 ± 7.4 | 46.6 ± 16.0 | 6.2 ± 12.9 | 0.25 |
| Resting Energy Expenditure (kcal/day) | 1723 ± 434 | 1597 ± 284 | −126 ± 207 | 0.15 |
| Respiratory Quotient | 0.81 ± 0.04 | 0.84 ± 0.07 | 0.03 ± 0.04 | 0.14 |
| DEXA Measurements | ||||
| Fat free mass (kg) | 53.6 ± 13.9 | 53.9 ± 13.9 | 0.3 ± 1.8 | 0.65 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 30.9 ± 12.4 | 32.3 ± 12.0 | 14.7 ± 2.1 | 0.07 |
| fat (%) | 35.3 ± 6.5 | 36.7 ± 6.5 | 1.4 ± 1.8 | 0.06 |
| fat, Gynoid (%) | 39.0 ± 9.0 | 39.2 ± 9.9 | 0.1 ± 2.1 | 1.0 |
| fat, Android (%) | 40.4 ± 9.2 | 43.2 ± 9.7 | 2.8 ± 2.6 | 0.02 |
| fat Android/Gynoid ratio | 1.07 ± 0.30 | 1.15 ± 0.35 | 0.08 ± 0.07 | 0.004 |
Results are mean ± SD. Wilcoxon signed-rank test
Average results reported for variables that were assessed on both study days (blood pressure, heart rate, glucose, insulin C-peptide, and insulin/C-peptide ratio).