Fig. 3. Secretion reporter constructs demonstrate that GNF179 inhibits protein export of Plasmodium falciparum.

a Protein expression levels of PfEMP3-GFP reporter. This fusion includes the signal peptide and PEXEL motif of PfEMP3. By immunoblot, three protein products are seen with anti-GFP antibodies. The three indicated bands, in response to probing with GFP, as follows: 1. Full length protein (black arrow), 2. PEXEL cleaved protein (blue arrow), 3. GFP degradation product (magenta arrow). HSP70 is used as a loading control. b SERA5ss-GFP fusion reporter treated with GNF179. By immunoblot with anti-GFP antibodies we see two protein products for this construct: 1. Signal peptide cleaved (blue arrow) and 2. GFP degradation product (magenta arrow). HSP70 serves as a loading control. c ³⁵S incorporation of newly synthesized amino acids at different concentrations of KAF156, chloroquine (negative control for inhibition) and cycloheximide (positive control for inhibition). Counts were normalized to data obtained from no-drug controls (NDC) and presented as mean ± SD (n = 2 independent experiments). Source data for c is provided as a Source Data file.