TABLE 1.

Typical examples for genetic engineering of filamentous fungi for enhanced protein secretion.

Protein of interest and its origin	Host	Strategy	Fold-change of protein secretion	References
α-Galactosidase from A. niger	A. niger	Replacing the original signal peptide with a glucoamylase (GlaA) signal peptide in A. niger	Approximately 9-fold increase	Xu et al., 2018
Erythropoietin from human	T. reesei	Adopting the cellobiohydrolase I (CBH) signal peptide and optimizing cbh1 promoter	Not applicable	Zhong et al., 2011
Chymosin from bovine	A. oryzae	Fusing target protein with a naturally secreted protein α-amylase	2-fold increase	Ohno et al., 2011
β-Glucuronidase from A. niger	A. niger	Regulating the UPR and ERAD by overexpression of sttC and deletion of dorA	Not quantified	Jacobs et al., 2009
Glucose oxidase from A. niger	T. reesei	Regulating the UPR and ERAD by overexpression of bip1 or hac1	1.5–1.8-fold increase	Wu et al., 2017
Glucose oxidase from T. reesei	T. reesei	Optimizing the intracellular transport process by overexpression of snc1	2.2-fold increase	Wu et al., 2017
Prochymosin from bovine	A. niger	Optimizing the intracellular transport process by deletion of Aovip36 or Aoemp47, and fusing the target protein with α-amylase	Approximately 2-fold increase	Hoang et al., 2015
Cellulase from T. reesei	T. reesei	Constructing a protease-deficient strain by deletion of res-1, cre-1, gh1-1, and alp-1	5-fold increase	Liu et al., 2017
Laccase from Trametes versicolor	A. niger	Constructing a protease-deficient strain by deletion of pepAa, pepAb, or pepAd	1.21–1.42-fold increase	Wang et al., 2008
Glucoamylase from A. niger	A. niger	Regulating mycelium morphology by deletion of racA	4-fold increase	Fiedler et al., 2018
Cellulase from N. crassa	N. crassa	Regulating SREBP by deletion of dsc-2, tul-1, sah-2, dsc-4, scp-1, or rbd-2	Not quantified	Reilly et al., 2015; Qin et al., 2017