TABLE 1.
Lignin and carbohydrates contents of wood of transgenic and wild-type (WT) hybrid aspen analyzed with three methods.a
| Line | Lignin and cellulose contentsb | |||||||||
| Klason lignin | Acid-soluble lignin | Cellulose | ||||||||
| 11 | 18.8 ± 1.1 | 6.0 ± 0.3 | 39.6 ± 2.8 | |||||||
| 14B | 16.7 ± 1.1** | 6.5 ± 0.4 | 43.7 ± 4.1 | |||||||
| 14C | 18.1 ± 1.0 | 6.6 ± 0.6 | 44.3 ± 2.7 | |||||||
| Trans | 17.7 ± 1.4 | 6.4 ± 0.5 | 42.9 ± 3.8 | |||||||
| WT | 18.2 ± 0.9 | 6.1 ± 0.8 | 44.2 ± 4.1 | |||||||
| Line | Non-cellulosic polysaccharide composition (mol%)c | |||||||||
| Ara | Rha | Xyl | Man | MeGlcA | Gal | GalA | Glc | GlcA | ||
| 11 | 2.3 ± 0.2 | 2.7 ± 0.1*** | 59.3 ± 1.7*** | 4.8 ± 0.1** | 4.8 ± 0.4 | 3.5 ± 0.4** | 5.6 ± 0.3 | 13.9 ± 0.4*** | 2.8 ± 0.2 | |
| 14B | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 2.7 ± 0.1* | 60.1 ± 1.6*** | 4.3 ± 0.2 | 4.8 ± 0.4 | 2.6 ± 0.3 | 5.3 ± 0.2 | 15.4 ± 1.5*** | 2.7 ± 0.2 | |
| 14C | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 2.6 ± 0.1 | 61.7 ± 1.4 | 4.6 ± 0.3 | 5.1 ± 0.4 | 2.9 ± 0.4 | 5.3 ± 0.3 | 12.7 ± 1.1 | 2.7 ± 0.3 | |
| Trans | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 2.7 ± 0.1*** | 60.4 ± 1.8*** | 4.5 ± 0.3 | 4.9 ± 0.4 | 2.9 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 0.3 | 14.1 ± 1.5*** | 2.7 ± 0.2 | |
| WT | 2.2 ± 0.1 | 2.5 ± 0.1 | 63.2 ± 1.6 | 4.4 ± 0.2 | 4.9 ± 0.5 | 2.7 ± 0.7 | 5.2 ± 0.3 | 12.0 ± 0.9 | 2.6 ± 0.2 | |
| Line | Py-GC/MS analysis of milled woodd | |||||||||
| C | G | S | H | L | S/G ratio | C/L ratio | ||||
| 11 | 74.3 ± 1.3 | 8.2 ± 0.5 | 12.1 ± 0.5 | 2.0 ± 0.1** | 22.5 ± 1.1 | 1.47 ± 0.04** | 3.31 ± 0.22 | |||
| 14B | 75.6 ± 2.0 | 7.6 ± 0.7 | 11.8 ± 1.1 | 1.7 ± 0.2 | 21.3 ± 1.9 | 1.56 ± 0.05 | 3.58 ± 0.45 | |||
| 14C | 74.4 ± 1.4 | 8.0 ± 0.6 | 12.5 ± 0.7 | 1.9 ± 0.2 | 22.6 ± 1.4 | 1.55 ± 0.04 | 3.30 ± 0.27 | |||
| Trans | 74.8 ± 1.7 | 7.9 ± 0.7 | 12.1 ± 0.9 | 1.9 ± 0.2** | 22.1 ± 1.6 | 1.53 ± 0.06 | 3.41 ± 0.35 | |||
| WT | 74.5 ± 1.6 | 8.0 ± 0.7 | 12.5 ± 0.8 | 1.8 ± 0.2 | 22.5 ± 1.5 | 1.56 ± 0.08 | 3.33 ± 0.31 | |||
aThe analyses included two or three samples from each of the transgenic lines and eight samples from WT. Each sample consisted of a pool of two trees, and each sample was analyzed as technical triplicates. Statistical significance is based on ANOVA with post hoc Dunnett test for each transgenic line and on contrast for all transgenic lines (Trans) together: ∗∗∗P ≤ 0.001; ∗∗P ≤ 0.01; ∗P ≤ 0.05. bLignin and Updegraff cellulose content of transgenic and wild-type hybrid aspen. Data given as mass fractions in% (g/100 g dry weight). cMonosaccharide composition of non-cellulosic polymers determined by TMS in alcohol-insoluble wood residue of transgenic and WT hybrid aspen. Data given as mol% (mol/100 mol). dPy-GC/MS analysis of milled wood of transgenic and wild-type hybrid aspen. Data for C (carbohydrate), G (guaiacyl lignin units), S (syringyl lignin units), H (p-hydroxyphenyl lignin units), and L (total lignin, i.e., the sum of G, S, H, and generic phenolic constituents as defined by Gerber et al., 2012) are given as fractions in% of the total signals from the Py-GC/MS analysis. The ratio of syringyl and guaiacyl lignin units and the ratio of carbohydrate- and lignin-derived constituents are also included.