Table 2.
Obstetric and perinatal outcomes of natural vs. programming cycle.
| Natural cycle (n = 10,211) | Programming cycle (n = 4,162) | P | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-eclampsia (%) | 393 (3.8) | 356 (8.6) | <0.001 |
| GDM (%) | 575 (5.6) | 259 (6.2) | 0.169 |
| Placenta previa (%) | 77 (0.8) | 39 (0.9) | 0.266 |
| Placental abruption (%) | 10 (0.1) | 9 (0.2) | 0.077 |
| Postpartum hemorrhage (%) | 17 (0.2) | 29 (0.7) | <0.001 |
| Cesarean section (%) | 7,091 (69.4) | 3,360 (80.7) | <0.001 |
| Gestational age at delivery (weeks) | 39.15 ± 1.55 | 39.10 ± 1.74 | 0.099 |
| Preterm labor (%) | 581 (5.7) | 315 (7.6) | <0.001 |
| Post-term birth (%) | 26 (0.3) | 14 (0.3) | 0.399 |
| Average birthweight (g) | 3455.6 ± 500.6 | 3459.7 ± 537.5 | 0.673 |
| Male sex of neonates (%) | 5,440 (53.3) | 2,227 (53.5) | 0.800 |
| Macrosomia (%) | 1,032 (10.1) | 433 (10.4) | 0.594 |
| LBW (%) | 296 (2.9) | 141 (3.4) | 0.121 |
| VLBW (%) | 39 (0.4) | 26 (0.6) | 0.049 |
| LGA (%) | 1,987 (19.5) | 855 (20.5) | 0.139 |
| SGA (%) | 516 (5.1) | 226 (5.4) | 0.355 |
GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; LBW, low birthweight; VLBW, very low birthweight; LGA, large for gestational age; SGA, small for gestational age.