Table 1.

Percent survival of different development stages and sexes of Bactrocera tau at different temperatures.

Temperature	Development stage
	Egg	Larva	Pupae	Male	Female
24	96.67 ± 3.33a	93.33 ± 3.33a	100.00 ± 0.00a	100.00 ± 0.00a	100.00 ± 0.00a
34	80.00 ± 5.77ab	70.00 ± 5.77ab	100.00 ± 0.00a	100.00 ± 0.00a	100.00 ± 0.00a
36	66.67 ± 6.67b	53.33 ± 8.82bc	100.00 ± 0.00a	100.00 ± 0.00a	100.00 ± 0.00a
38	56.67 ± 8.82b	46.67 ± 8.82bc	96.67 ± 3.33a	90.00 ± 5.77a	93.33 ± 3.33ab
40	53.33 ± 8.82b	30.00 ± 5.77 cd	93.33 ± 3.33a	56.67 ± 8.82b	76.67 ± 8.82b
42	10.00 ± 0.00c	13.33 ± 3.33de	70.00 ± 11.55b	6.67 ± 3.33c	6.67 ± 6.67c
44	3.33 ± 3.33c	0.00 ± 0.00e	0.00 ± 0.00c	0.00 ± 0.00c	0.00 ± 0.00c
46	6.67 ± 6.67c	0.00 ± 0.00e	0.00 ± 0.00c	0.00 ± 0.00c	0.00 ± 0.00c
48	0.00 ± 0.00c	0.00 ± 0.00e	0.00 ± 0.00c	0.00 ± 0.00c	0.00 ± 0.00c
df	8.18	8.18	8.18	8.18	8.18
F	40.93	42.63	130.98	170.48	163.58
P	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001	0.0001

Note: Data are means ± SE. Different lowercase letters in each column (stage) denote significant difference in percent survival at different temperatures within that stage after analysis using Tukey’s test (P < 0.05). The F value is an indicator of ANOVA analysis, which usually compares the differences between groups. When the value of F is larger and the value of P is smaller, the result is more reliable. When P < 0.05, there was a significant difference between groups, when P > 0.05 or P = 0.05, there was no significant difference between groups. The letters df denote degrees of freedom.