Table 3.
Demographic and Clinical Features of Participants in Longitudinal Study at Enrollment
| Characteristic | TB-IRIS | Non-IRIS | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Total No. (%) | 29 (63.0) | 17 (37.0) | |
| Female sex | 14 (48.3) | 10 (58.8) | .552 |
| Current or former smoker | 9 (31.0) | 3 (17.5) | .489 |
| Age, y, median (IQR) | 35.0 (29.5–42.0) | 35.0 (30.5–43.0) | .924 |
| CD4 T-cell count, cells/μL, median (IQR) | 89.0 (64.0–141.5) | 82.0 (69.5–145.5) | .987 |
| HIV-1 viral load, copies/mL, copies (IQR) | 621 075 (207 018–1 185 455) | 520 295 (126 925–1 029 554) | .343 |
| Extrapulmonary TB | 21 (72.4) | 12 (70.6) | 1.00 |
| Miliary TB | 5 (17.2) | 1 (5.88) | .390 |
| Smear-positive TB | 14 (48.3) | 5 (29.4) | .235 |
| Culture-positive TB | 21 (72.4) | 11 (64.7) | .742 |
| Clinical diagnosis of TB | 2 (6.90) | 4 (23.5) | .174 |
| ART initiation, days post–TB treatment initiation, median (IQR) | 15 (14–28) | 21 (14–41) | .186 |
| IRIS symptom onset, days post–ART initiation, median (IQR) | 6 (4–10) | NA | |
| IRIS presentation, days post–ART initiation, median (IQR) | 14 (9–15) | NA | |
| INSHI criteria for paradoxical TB-IRIS fulfilled | 25 (86.2) | 0 (0) |
Data are presented as no. (%) unless otherwise indicated.
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; HIV-1, human immunodeficiency virus type 1; INSHI, International Network for the Study of HIV-associated IRIS; IQR, interquartile range; IRIS, immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome; NA, not applicable; TB, tuberculosis.