Table 3.
Relationships Between Pre–antiretroviral Therapy Clinical and Radiographic Characteristics in the Imaging Cohort
| Baseline Characteristic | Total Pulmonary Glycolytic Activity at Baseline, n = 48 | P Value | Change in Total Pulmonary Glycolytic Activity from Baseline to Week 4 on ART, n = 30 | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| β (95% CI) | β (95% CI) | |||
| Female sex | −114.5 (−1015.3 to 786.3) | >.5 | 401.3 (−432.6 to 1235.1) | .3 |
| Age, per 10 years | 24.3 (−34.4 to 83.0) | .4 | −8.9 (−638.4 to 620.5) | >.5 |
| CD4 count, cells/µl | 6.6 (4.4–8.8) | <.001 | −2.1 (−4.4 to .3) | .08 |
| CD4 count>50 cells/µl | 1351.8 (469.7–2233.8) | .003 | −493.3 (−1399.0 to 412.2) | .3 |
| HIV viral load, log10 copies/mL | −704.1 (−1094.5 to −313.8) | .001 | 381.1 (−103.9 to 866.1) | .1 |
| Body mass index | −88.2 (−215.7 to 39.3) | .17 | 63.4 (−61.4 to 188.2) | .3 |
| Days between TB treatment initiation and ART initiation, per day | 10.5 (−15.5 to 36.4) | .4 | −26.3 (−48.1 to −4.6) | .02 |
| Sputum culture positive | 793.5 (−80.7 to 1667.7) | .07 | 457.2 (−404.9 to 1319.2) | .3 |
| Ever smoked | 412.1 (−519.0 to 1343.2) | .4 | −63.4 (−962.8 to 835.9) | >.5 |
| Percent of lung involved, per 10 percentage point increase | 580.3 (427.0–733.6) | <.001 | −217.2 (−416.0 to −18.4) | .03 |
| Cavitation on CT scan | 1347.9 (601.0–2094.9) | .001 | −494.7 (−1241.4 to 252.1) | .2 |
| Mean SUV, per 1 unit increase | 1577.1 (1289.7–1864.1) | <.001 | −561.9 (−993.0 to −130.8) | .01 |
| Max SUV, per 1 unit increase | 143.2 (69.6–216.8) | <.001 | −66.5 (−147.6 to 14.7) | .1 |
| CT hard volume, per 10 mL higher | 92.2 (75.6–108.8) | <.001 | −25.5 (−50.2 to −.7) | .04 |
| Region of interest volume, per 100 mL higher | 285.1 (243.2–327.1) | <.001 | −122.1 (−187.9 to −56.3) | .001 |
| Total lung glycolytic activity, per 500 units higher | NA | … | −188.1 (−291.6 to −84.6) | .001 |
| Log10 total lung glycolytic activity, per 1 log10 higher | NA | … | −994.7 (−1600.8 to −388.7) | .002 |
Data are from adults with HIV and pulmonary TB, for total pulmonary glycolytic activity at baseline (n = 48) and change in total pulmonary glycolytic activity from baseline to Week 4 of ART (n = 30). Shown are the β coefficient and 95% CI from a multivariable linear regression model.
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; CI, confidence interval; CT, computed tomography; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; SUV, standard uptake value; TB, tuberculosis.