Figure 6.

Correlation of luteolin metabolite with suppressive activity of proliferation in a N‐butyl‐N‐(4‐hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN)‐induced rat bladder cancer model. A, Plasma and urine concentrations of luteolin‐3ʹ‐glucuronide after luteolin treatment in a BBN‐induced rat bladder cancer model. B, The correlation between plasma and urine concentrations of luteolin‐3ʹ‐glucuronide. C–E, The correlation between plasma and urine concentrations of luteolin‐3ʹ‐glucuronide, and Ki67‐labeling index (C), relative tumor dimension (D) and the phospho(p)‐S6 intensity (E). F, Plasma and urine concentrations of luteolin‐3ʹ‐glucuronide in cases with/without squamous differentiation. G, The correlation between plasma, urine concentrations of luteolin‐3ʹ‐glucuronide and the GPX2 intensity. Mean ± SD, n = 10 (control), n = 18 (luteolin), **P < 0.01, ***P < 0.001 statistically significant compared with control group. H, Proposed chemopreventive mechanism of luteolin on bladder cancer