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. 2020 Apr 15;30(9):4874–4882. doi: 10.1007/s00330-020-06827-4

Table 3.

Frequency of chest CT findings in COVID-19

CT signs Frequency Stage
Ground glass opacity ++++ E/A/S
Consolidation without ground glass opacity ++ S
Ground glass opacity and crazy paving ++ E/A/S
Ground glass opacity with consolidation +++ E/A/S
Patchy ground glass opacity +++ E
Bilateral distribution ++++ E/A/S/D
Peripheral distribution +++ E
Air bronchogram ++ E/A/S
Pleural effusion + S
Strip-like opacity + D

The appearance frequency of each CT characteristic is described in order from low to high as (+~++++); E, A, S, and D stand for stage early, advanced, severe, and dissipation