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. 2010 Jan 20;2010(1):CD003974. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003974.pub3

Frega 1994.

Methods Design: three group parallel trial 
 Purpose: to evaluate the pain caused by laser vaporization of intraepithelial cervical neoplasia
Participants Patients: women with intraepithelial cervical neoplasia 
 Baseline comparability: NS
Interventions Placebo: tablet without naproxen 
 Untreated: no tablet 
 Experimental: tablet with naproxen 
 (Co‐intervention: NS)
Outcomes Pain (VAS)
Notes  
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Adequate sequence generation? Unclear risk NS
Allocation concealment? Unclear risk NS
Blinding? 
 Treatment provider Unclear risk NS
Blinding? 
 Outcome assessor Unclear risk Not relevant as patient reported outcome
Incomplete outcome data addressed? 
 All outcomes High risk Drop‐out > 15% or NS
Free of selective reporting? Unclear risk No protocol available
Free of other bias? Low risk  
No signs of variance inequality or skewness? High risk Either variance inequality (F‐test statistically significant) or skewness (1.64 standard deviations exceeds the mean)
Trial size > 49? High risk N = 42
Clearly concealed allocation + trial size > 49 + drop‐out max 15% High risk Trial size < 49