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. 2010 Jan 20;2010(1):CD003974. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD003974.pub3

Kilmann 1987.

Methods Design: five group parallel trial 
 Purpose: study the effect of three different psychological interventions on secondary erectile dysfunction
Participants Patients: men with secondary erectile dysfunction 
 Baseline comparability: yes
Interventions Placebo: sessions with factual information on sexual education and relationship enhancement 
 Untreated: no sessions 
 Experimental: 
 ‐sessions with communication technique training 
 ‐sessions with sexual technique training 
 ‐sessions with combination treatment 
 (Co‐intervention: NS)
Outcomes Coital success in % 
 Marital adjustment test 
 Sexual interaction inventory 
 Sexual anxiety inventory 
 Sexual pleasure rating
Notes  
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Adequate sequence generation? Unclear risk NS
Allocation concealment? Unclear risk NS
Blinding? 
 Treatment provider High risk Not described as double‐blind (placebo/psychological interventions)
Blinding? 
 Outcome assessor Unclear risk Not relevant as patient reported outcome
Incomplete outcome data addressed? 
 All outcomes Low risk Drop‐out < 15%
Free of selective reporting? Unclear risk No protocol available
Free of other bias? Low risk  
No signs of variance inequality or skewness? High risk Either variance inequality (F‐test statistically significant) or skewness (1.64 standard deviations exceeds the mean)
Trial size > 49? High risk N = 8
Clearly concealed allocation + trial size > 49 + drop‐out max 15% High risk Trial size < 49