Cabrini 2006.
Methods | Design: three group parallel trial Purpose: examine the effect of acupuncture in reducing discomfort during fibreoptic bronchoscopy | |
Participants | Patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoscopy Baseline comparability: yes |
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Interventions | Placebo: acupuncture on sites not regarded acupuncture sites Untreated: no acupuncture Experimental: acupuncture on sites regarded acupuncture sites (Co‐intervention: All patients were treated with airway topical anaesthesia) | |
Outcomes | Discomfort (VAS) Anxiety Heart rate and pulse oximetry |
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Notes | ||
Risk of bias | ||
Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
Adequate sequence generation? | Unclear risk | NS |
Allocation concealment? | Unclear risk | NS |
Blinding? Treatment provider | High risk | Acupuncturist aware of treatment group |
Blinding? Outcome assessor | Unclear risk | Not relevant as outcome was patient‐reported |
Incomplete outcome data addressed? All outcomes | High risk | Drop‐outs not described |
Free of selective reporting? | Unclear risk | No protocol available |
Free of other bias? | Low risk | |
No signs of variance inequality or skewness? | Low risk | SD x 1.64 < mean |
Trial size > 49? | High risk | N = 32 |
Clearly concealed allocation + trial size > 49 + drop‐out max 15% | High risk | Trial size < 49 |