Figure 2.

Effect of nano-immunotherapy on ex vivo profile and recall response of splenic CD8⁺ cells in Chagas mice. C57BL/6 mice were challenged with T. cruzi, treated with two doses of nano2/4 or p2/4, and euthanized in chronic phase. Splenocytes were used for ex vivo profiling (A–C) or cultured for 48 h with TcL to evaluate the recall response (D–F), determined by flow cytometry. (A,D) Splenic percentages of CD8⁺T cells. (B,E) Frequency of CD8⁺T cells with naïve, T_EM, and T_CM phenotypes. (C,F) CD8⁺ T_EM and T_CM subpopulations were analyzed for the expression of IFN-γ, perforin (PFN), and granzyme B (GRZ). Data (mean ± SD) are representative of duplicate observations per sample (n = 4–5 mice per group). Significance was calculated and annotated as described in legends of Figure 1.