Table 1.
Baseline clinical characteristics of the patients with diabetic nephropathy at the time of renal biopsy.
| High expression group (n = 18) | Low expression group (n = 14) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 53.9 ± 5.6 | 56.0 ± 8.4 | 0.401 |
| Male/female | 9/9 | 8/6 | 0.735 |
| Course of diabetes (months) | 50.5 (30.5-72.8) | 78 (47.7-95.5) | 0.035 |
| Course or nephropathy (months) | 24.9 ± 18.5 | 30.5 ± 17.9 | 0.395 |
| Mean arterial pressure (mmHg) | 104 ± 13.6 | 107.9 ± 16.1 | 0.454 |
| HbA1c (%) | 6.98 ± 0.86 | 8.25 ± 0.58 | <0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/L) | 7.80 ± 1.34 | 8.15 ± 1.24 | 0.456 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 2.76 ± 1.05 | 2.91 ± 0.93 | 0.66 |
| Cholesterol (mmol/L) | 5.40 ± 0.92 | 5.44 ± 0.91 | 0.914 |
| Albumin (g/L) | 35.7 ± 5.0 | 30.0 ± 3.7 | 0.001 |
| Urinary NAG (U/L) | 32.4 ± 8.7 | 34.9 ± 9.5 | 0.462 |
| Urinary protein (g/24 h) | 2.32 ± 1.00 | 3.38 ± 0.99 | 0.006 |
| Serum creatinine (μmol/L) | 68.7 ± 10.3 | 89.3 ± 16.2 | <0.001 |
| eGFR | 94.8 ± 16.2 | 74.1 ± 13.5 | 0.001 |
| Urinary PCX/UCr | 45.3 ± 11.1 | 63.2 ± 11.5 | <0.001 |
| ACE-i or ARB | 18 (100.0) | 14 (100.0) | >0.99 |
eGFR: estimated glomerular filtration rate; FPG: fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c: glycated hemoglobin; NAG: N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase; PCX: podocalyxin; UCr: urinary creatinine; ACE-i: angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor; ARB: angiotensin receptor blocker.