Table 2.
Change in pain intensity and pain pressure threshold between groups.
| Intervention (n = 16) | Control (n = 15) | Group difference | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre | Post | p | Pre | Post | p | Intervention pre-post | Control pre-post | p | |
| Pain intensity | |||||||||
| At rest | 4.9 ± 1.4 | 2.0 ± 1.1. | 0.001∗ | 4.9 ± 1.5 | 3.4 ± 1.4 | 0.001∗ | 2.9 ± 1.9 | 1.6 ± 1.3 | 0.048∗ |
| During movement | 6.1 ± 1.8 | 2.3 ± 1.1 | 0.001∗ | 6.0 ± 1.9 | 3.4 ± 1.5 | 0.001∗ | 3.8 ± 2.1 | 2.6 ± 1.5 | 0.099 |
| PPT | |||||||||
| L1-M | 4.8 ± 2.4 | 8.7 ± 3.0 | <0.001∗ | 4.9 ± 1.3 | 7.1 ± 3.2 | 0.013∗ | 3.9 ± 2.4 | 2.2 ± 3.8 | 0.066 |
| L3-M | 4.3 ± 1.8 | 7.5 ± 2.7 | 0.001∗ | 4.5 ± 1.6 | 6.5 ± 2.4 | 0.023∗ | 3.2 ± 2.1 | 2.0 ± 2.2 | 0.009∗ |
| L5-M | 4.6 ± 2.8 | 9.0 ± 3.6 | <0.001∗ | 4.9 ± 2.7 | 6.2 ± 3.7 | 0.002∗ | 4.4 ± 3.5 | 1.4 ± 3.2 | 0.011∗ |
| L1-L | 4.1 ± 2.4 | 7.9 ± 3.2 | <0.001∗ | 4.6 ± 2.5 | 6.3 ± 3.6 | 0.002∗ | 3.8 ± 3.2 | 1.8 ± 2.7 | 0.093 |
| L3-L | 4.1 ± 2.5 | 9.2 ± 3.8 | 0.001∗ | 4.4 ± 2.8 | 6.2 ± 3.7 | 0.003∗ | 5.1 ± 3.7 | 1.8 ± 2.4 | 0.060 |
PPT: pain pressure threshold; L1-M: 2 cm lateral to the L1 spinous process; L3-M: 2 cm lateral to the L3 spinous process; L5-M: 2 cm lateral to the L5 spinous process; L1-L: 5 cm lateral to the L1 spinous process; L3-L: 5 cm lateral to the L1 spinous process. Values are expressed as mean ± SD. ∗p < 0.05.